Month: December 2022

Saric, Ankica published the artcileSolvothermal synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles: A combined experimental and theoretical study, Safety of n-Octanol, the main research area is zinc oxide nanoparticle solvothermal synthesis.

Zinc oxide particles were synthesized from zinc acetylacetonate in the presence of triethanolamine (TEA) and various alc. solvent, ethanol or octanol, at 170°. The structural, optical, and morphol. characteristics of ZnO particles were monitored using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopies, and field emission SEM (FE-SEM). The exptl. findings were confirmed by means of DFT calculations which were obtained in nonpolar alc. 1-octanol, as a follow up to our previous study in polar ethanol. The nucleation and formation mechanism of ZnO nanoparticles is proposed considering the results obtained from a computational study of Gibbs free energies of ZnO-TEA mol. interactions (ΔG*INT) in various solvent system. The calculations revealed different binding affinities which initiated the nucleation processes of ZnO nanoparticles in the presence of alcs. of different size and polarity. The high chelating efficiency of TEA towards zinc with tetrahedral geometry is observed The results of X-ray diffraction size-strain anal. indicate the presence of size anisotropy as well as a reduction in the ZnO crystallite size with the change of solvent from ethanol to 1-octanol (<10 nm). Journal of Molecular Structure published new progress about Bond length. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Safety of n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sacligil, Ipek published the artcileBond strength regime dictates stress relaxation behavior, Application In Synthesis of 7575-23-7, the main research area is insitu crosslinked metal terpyridine norbornene polymer network bond strength.

Reconfigurable polymer networks are gaining interest for their potential applications as self-healing, recyclable, and stimuli-responsive smart materials. Relating the bond strength of dynamic interactions to material properties including stress relaxation time and modulus is crucial for smart material design. In this work, in situ crosslinked transition metal-terpyridine reconfigurable networks were utilized to modulate the characteristic network stress relaxation time, τR. The use of stress relaxation experiments rather than oscillatory frequency sweeps allowed for the measurement of network bond dynamics across a wider dynamic range than has been previously reported. The stress relaxation time was shown to be tunable by metal center, counterion, and crosslink d. Remarkably, the network crosslinked with covalent-like ruthenium chloride-terpyridine interaction, while having a longer τR, was qual. similar to the other metal-ligand networks. Furthermore, the relaxation time was independent of crosslink d. in strongly bonded networks, allowing for independent tunability of modulus and τR. In contrast, increasing crosslink d. reduced τR in networks crosslinked with weaker interactions.

Soft Matter published new progress about Bond energy. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Application In Synthesis of 7575-23-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tapki, Ibrahim published the artcileEffects of oregano essential oil on reduction of weaning age and increasing economic efficiency in Holstein Friesian calves, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is oregano essential oil fed milk diarrhea growth weaning.

This study examined the potential use of oregano essentail oil as a milk additive for purposes of reducing weaning age; increasing economic efficiency; promoting calf growth as well as for improving blood parameters and general health status of Holstein Friesian calves. Twenty-eight Holstein Friesian calves were allocated into three groups: (a) Control calves were fed with whole milk (n=10), (b) OreganoLow (n=9), and (c) OreganoHigh (n=9) calves were fed with whole milk, plus 100 and 150 mg/l oregano essential oil per kg milk resp. The amount of the milk offered on daily basis was calculated as 10% of each calf live weight and was given in two meal times. All calves were kept in individual pens during exptl. period. Calves got weaned following the consumption of daily 900 g of concentrate feed over three consecutive days. Results demonstrated that OreganoLow calves marked improved growth performance, earlier weaning age and lower farm costs (P < 0.05) compared to Control and OreganoHigh calves. To conclude, dietary oregano essential oil seems to be a potential liquid feed additive that improves feed efficiency, health status, growth performance, and that reduces diarrhea incidents, hastens weaning age and minimizes dairy farm costs when used at the level of 100 mg/l. Pakistan Journal of Zoology published new progress about Body weight. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lee, Pearl published the artcileTargeting glutamine metabolism slows soft tissue sarcoma growth, COA of Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is soft tissue sarcoma glutamine metabolomics sarcomagenesis glutaminase 1.

Abstract: Tumor cells frequently utilize glutamine to meet bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of rapid cell growth. However, glutamine dependence can be highly variable between in vitro and in vivo settings, based on surrounding microenvironments and complex adaptive responses to glutamine deprivation. Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are mesenchymal tumors where cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the primary approach for metastatic or unresectable disease. Therefore, it is critical to identify alternate therapies to improve patient outcomes. Using autochthonous STS murine models and unbiased metabolomics, we demonstrate that glutamine metabolism supports sarcomagenesis. STS subtypes expressing elevated glutaminase (GLS) levels are highly sensitive to glutamine starvation. In contrast to previous studies, treatment of autochthonous tumor-bearing animals with Telaglenastat (CB-839), an orally bioavailable GLS inhibitor, successfully inhibits undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) tumor growth. We reveal glutamine metabolism as critical for sarcomagenesis, with CB-839 exhibiting potent therapeutic potential.

Nature Communications published new progress about Body weight. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, COA of Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mackay, Amy D. published the artcileExercise, but Not Metformin Prevents Loss of Muscle Function Due to Doxorubicin in Mice Using an In Situ Method, Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is doxorubicin metformin chemotherapy skeletal muscle function mitochondria; chemotherapy; exercise; metformin; mitochondria; muscle contractions; skeletal muscle.

Though effective in treating various types of cancer, the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) is associated with skeletal muscle wasting and fatigue. The purpose of this study was to assess muscle function in situ following DOX administration in mice. Furthermore, pre-treatments with exercise (EX) or metformin (MET) were used in an attempt to preserve muscle function following DOX. Mice were assigned to the following groups: control, DOX, DOX + EX, or DOX + MET, and were given a single injection of DOX (15 mg/kg) or saline 3 days prior to sacrifice. Preceding the DOX injection, DOX + EX mice performed 60 min/day of running for 5 days, while DOX + MET mice received 5 daily oral doses of 500 mg/kg MET. Gastrocnemius-plantaris-soleus complex function was assessed in situ via direct stimulation of the sciatic nerve. DOX treatment increased time to half-relaxation following contractions, indicating impaired recovery (p < 0.05). Interestingly, EX prevented any increase in half-relaxation time, while MET did not. An impaired relaxation rate was associated with a reduction in SERCA1 protein content (p = 0.07) and AMPK phosphorylation (p < 0.05). There were no differences between groups in force production or mitochondrial respiration. These results suggest that EX, but not MET may be an effective strategy for the prevention of muscle fatigue following DOX administration in mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Body weight. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bampidis, Vasileios published the artcileSafety and efficacy of feed additives consisting of expressed lemon oil and its fractions from Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck and of lime oil from Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl), Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is feed additive safety lemon lime oil Citrus limon aurantiifolia; Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle; Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck; component‐based approach; flavouring compounds; furocoumarins; perillaldehyde; sensory additives.

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of expressed lemon oil and distilled lemon oil from Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck and lime oil from Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle, when used as sensory additives in feed for all animal species. The use of the expressed lemon oil and its residual fraction and the use of lime oil in feed is not expected to increase the exposure to furocoumarins and methoxycoumarins and perillaldehyde of those target species that are already fed citrus byproducts a relevant extent (< 10%). For companion animals and ornamental fish not normally exposed to citrus byproducts, no conclusion can be drawn. For the other species and for the distilled fraction of expressed lemon oil, the FEEDAP Panel concludes that the additives under assessment are safe at the maximum proposed or at reduced use levels in complete feed. The Panel considers that the use in water for drinking is safe provided that the total daily intake of the additive does not exceed the daily amount that is considered safe when consumed via feed. No concerns for consumer safety were identified following the use of the additives at the maximum proposed use level in feed. The additives under assessment should be considered as irritants to skin and eyes and the respiratory tract and as skin sensitizers. Since expressed lemon oil and its fractions contain furocoumarins, they may cause phototoxicity. The use of the additives under the proposed conditions of use in animal feed is not expected to pose a risk for the environment. Since C. limon and C. aurantiifolia and their preparations are recognized to flavor food and its function in feed would be essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy is considered necessary. EFSA Journal published new progress about Body weight. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ahn, Chihyung published the artcileBioinspired Design of Light-Powered Crawling, Squeezing, and Jumping Untethered Soft Robot, Quality Control of 7575-23-7, the main research area is light powered soft robot squeezing crawling jumping.

Light has been recently intensively explored to power robots. However, most existing light-driven robots have limited locomotion modalities, with constrained locomotion capabilities. A light-powered soft robot with a bioinspired design is demonstrated, which can crawl on ground, squeeze its way through a small channel, and jump over a barrier. The arch-shaped robot is made up of liquid crystal elastomer-carbon nanotube composite. When a light source with a power intensity of around 1.57 W cm-2 is scanned over the surface of the robot, it deforms and crawls forward. With an increase in the light scanning speed, it can deform sufficiently to pass through a channel 25% lower than its body height. Subjected to light irradiation, it can also deform to a closed loop, gradually store elastic energy, and suddenly release it to jump over a wall or onto a step quickly, with a jumping distance around eight times its body length and jumping height around five times its body height. Math. models for quant. understanding the multimodal locomotion of this light-powered soft robot are also presented.

Advanced Materials Technologies (Weinheim, Germany) published new progress about Body height. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Quality Control of 7575-23-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Saleh, Dalia O. published the artcileEffects of sulforaphane on D-galactose-induced liver aging in rats: Role of keap-1/nrf-2 pathway., Quality Control of 59-23-4, the main research area is sulforaphane antiaging hepatoprotectant hepatic fibrosis aging; Aging; D-galactose; Fibrosis; Nrf-2; Rats; Sulforaphane.

Aging; a biol. phenomenon characterized by progressive decline in cellular functions, is considered as a major risk factor of various liver diseases that plays as an adverse prognostic role, thus increasing mortality rate. However, diet is the main environmental factor that has a major impact on the aging process whereas, sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate organosulfur compound in cruciferous vegetables, has been reported with myriad biol. effects. In the present study, SFN antiaging properties were evaluated on D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced liver aging in rats. For this purpose, forty adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. All animals, except the normal control, were i.p. injected with D-Gal (300 mg/kg/day for 5 days a week) for six consecutive weeks. In the hepatoprotective groups, animals received oral SFN (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg) for 6 wk concurrently with D-GAL. SFN administration improved liver biomarkers through decreasing serum levels of AST, ALT, total and direct bilirubin when compared to D-Gal-aging group. SFN significantly increased hepatic GSH level as well as catalase and glutathione-S-transferase activities while counteracted the elevation in hepatic oxidative stress markers; MDA, NO and protein carbonyl in aged rats. SFN abrogated the dysregulation in hepatic Keap-1, Nrf-2 and HO-1and limited the elevation of TNF-α and TGF-β concentrations in aging liver. Histopathol., SFN decreased the intensity of hepatic fibrous proliferation in D-Gal-induced aging. In conclusion, SFN has shown hepatic anti-aging potential through promoting the antioxidant machinery via regulating Keap-1, Nrf-2 and HO-1 and antioxidant enzyme activities as well as ameliorating oxidative stress, hampering the inflammatory cytokines; TNF-α and TGF-β, and limiting hepatic fibrosis in a dose dependent manner.

European Journal of Pharmacology published new progress about Blood serum. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Quality Control of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fan, Sanhong published the artcilePurification, structural elucidation and in vivo immunity-enhancing activity of polysaccharides from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Chenopodium hypersensitivity immunosuppression spleen polysaccharide IFN alpha IgM; Quinoa polysaccharides; immunity; purification; structure.

Quinoa crude polysaccharides (QPS) were extracted from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. The soluble non-starch polysaccharide fraction (QPS1) was subsequently purified by DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-50 gel chromatog., using QPS as raw materials. Its chem. structure was identified using FT-IR, NMR, AFM, SEM and Congo red staining. High performance gel permeation chromatog. (HPGPC) was used to determine mol. weight, and composition by HPLC. QPS1, with a mol. weight of 34.0 kDa, was mainly composed of mannose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose and arabinose at a molar ratio of 2.63:2.40:1.64:6.28:1.95:2.48:5.01. In addition, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of QPS1 on the improvement of anti-cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression in ICR mice. The result exhibited significantly immune-enhancing activity: QPS1 successfully improved the content of IFN-γ, IL-6, IFN-α, IgM and lysozyme (LYSO) in serum for three weeks, enhanced the phagocytic function of mononuclear macrophages and ameliorated delayed allergy in mice.

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry published new progress about Blood serum. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Boyd, Anders published the artcileSerum tryptophan-derived quinolinate and indole-3-acetate are associated with carotid intima-media thickness and its evolution in hiv-infected treated adults, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is serum tryptophan quinolinate indole acetate carotid intima media thickness; HIV; antiretroviral; cardiovascular disease; carotid intima-media thickness; metabolomics; tryptophan metabolism.

Background. HIV-infected individuals undergoing effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) present an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We identified serum metabolites associated with carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) and its evolution. Methods. One hundred forty-three hydrophilic serum metabolites were measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatog. coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry in 49 HIV+ ART+, 48 HIV+ ART-naive and 50 HIV-neg., age-matched, never-smoking male triads. Metabolites differentially altered between groups (“”features””) were defined as having a Benjamini-Hochberg-adjusted P value <.05 from a t test and >0.25 log2 absolute mean fold change in metabolite levels. c-IMT was measured across 12 sites at inclusion in all individuals and at the carotid artery (cca) after a median of 5.1 years in 32 HIV+ ART+ individuals. The difference in c-IMT (cross-sectional anal.) and slope of cca-IMT regression/progression per yr (longitudinal anal.) for each log10 (area) increase in metabolite level were estimated with linear regression. Results. Compared with HIV-, metabolite features of HIV+ ART+ were increased N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and decreased ferulate and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, whereas features of HIV+ ART-naive were increased malate, kynurenine, 2-oxoglutarate, and indole-3-acetate and decreased succinate and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan. In HIV+ ART+ individuals, quinolinate and/or indole-3-acetate were pos. associated with c-IMT (P < .03), cca-IMT (P < .03), and cca-IMT progression (P < .008). These associations were not observed in HIV+ ART-naive or HIV-neg. individuals. In HIV+ ART+ individuals, the metabolites xanthosine and uridine, from nucleotide metabolism, and g-butyrobetaine, from lysine/dietary choline degradation, were also pos. or neg. associated with c-IMT and/or cca-IMT (all P < .01), but not its evolution. Conclusions. In these highly selected HIV-pos. ART-controlled males, 2 novel metabolites derived from tryptophan catabolism, indole-3-acetate and quinolinate, were associated with c-IMT and its progression. Open Forum Infectious Diseases published new progress about Blood serum. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts