Month: December 2022

Pfeifer, Lukas published the artcileArabinogalactan-proteins of Zostera marina L. contain unique glycan structures and provide insight into adaption processes to saline environments, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Zostera arabinogalactan protein glycan salinity.

Abstract: Seagrasses evolved from monocotyledonous land plants that returned to the marine habitat. This transition was accomplished by substantial changes in cell wall composition, revealing habitat-driven adaptation to the new environment. Whether arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), important signalling mols. of land plants, are present in seagrass cell walls is of evolutionary and plant development interest. AGPs of Zostera marina L. were isolated and structurally characterised by anal. and bioinformatics methods as well as by ELISA with different anti-AGP antibodies. Calcium-binding capacity of AGPs was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and microscopy. Bioinformatic searches of the Z. marina proteome identified 9 classical AGPs and a large number of chimeric AGPs. The glycan structures exhibit unique features, including a high degree of branching and an unusually high content of terminating 4-O-methyl-glucuronic acid (4-OMe GlcA) residues. Although the common backbone structure of land plant AGPs is conserved in Z. marina, the terminating residues are distinct with high amounts of uronic acids. These differences likely result from the glycan-active enzymes (glycosyltransferases and methyltransferases) and are essential for calcium-binding properties. The role of this polyanionic surface is discussed with regard to adaptation to the marine environment.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Cell wall. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stimpson, Taylor C. published the artcileXyloglucan Structure Impacts the Mechanical Properties of Xyloglucan-Cellulose Nanocrystal Layered Films-A Buckling-Based Study, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is xyloglucan cellulose nanocrystal film plant cell wall.

Interactions between polysaccharides, specifically between cellulose and hemicelluloses like xyloglucan (XG), govern the mech. properties of the plant cell wall. This work aims to understand how XG mol. weight (MW) and the removal of saccharide residues impact the elastic modulus of XG-cellulose materials. Layered sub-micrometer-thick films of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and XG were employed to mimic the structure of the plant cell wall and contained either (1) unmodified XG, (2) low MW XG produced by ultrasonication (USXG), or (3) XG with a reduced degree of galactosylation (DGXG). Their mech. properties were characterized through thermal shrinking-induced buckling. Elastic moduli of 19 ± 2, 27 ± 1, and 75 ± 6 GPa were determined for XG-CNC, USXG-CNC, and DGXG-CNC films, resp. The conformation of XG adsorbed on CNCs is influenced by MW, which impacts mech. properties. To a greater degree, partial degalactosylation, which is known to increase XG self-association and binding capacity of XG to cellulose, increases the modulus by fourfold for DGXG-CNC films compared to XG-CNC. Films were also buckled while fully hydrated by using the thermal shrinking method but applying the heat using an autoclave; the results implied that hydrated films are thicker and softer, exhibiting a lower elastic modulus compared to dry films. This work contributes to the understanding of structure-function relationships in the plant cell wall and may aid in the design of tunable biobased materials for applications in biosensing, packaging, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.

Biomacromolecules published new progress about Cell wall. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yu, Hang published the artcileExtraction of Cinnamomum camphora chvar. Borneol essential oil using neutral cellulase assisted-steam distillation: optimization of extraction, and analysis of chemical constituents, Product Details of C10H18O, the main research area is Cinnamomum camphora borneol essential oil.

In this study, neutral cellulase assisted-steam distillation (NCSD) was first developed to extract BEO, followed by optimizing NCSD through single-factor test (SFT) and response surface methodol. (RSM). The processing conditions of NCSD were optimized as follows: addition of neutral cellulase (0.36 FPU/g of fresh leaves), duration of enzymolysis (5.39 h), temperature (51.47°C), and pH (6.15). The predicted yield of BEO using NCSD was 1.03% within 95% confidence intervals of the actual yield of BEO (1.03 ± 0.03%), which was 58% higher than the yield of BEO using conventional steam distillation (SD) without neutral cellulase pre-treatment (0.65 ± 0.04%). Moreover, chem. constituents of BEO using NCSD and SD were evaluated and compared. Results show that 62 volatile compounds were identified, and majority of functional compounds in the BEO using NCSD and SD were detected simultaneously, e.g. borneol, β-pinene, and β-cadinene. A significantly higher proportion of compounds with relatively lower mol. weight (MW) ranging from 130 to 150 and higher MW ranging from 205 to 225 were detected in the BEO using NCSD, which may contribute to a stronger flavoring impact and influence the overall flavor profile of the BEO. Therefore, significance of this study is to develop the NCSD as a more effective method than the SD for extracting the BEO from Cinnamomum camphora chvar. Borneol fresh leaves without compromising its quality and remaining the majority of chem. consitutents unchanged.

Industrial Crops and Products published new progress about Cell wall. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Product Details of C10H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Qin, Zhao published the artcileStructure, rheological, thermal and antioxidant properties of cell wall polysaccharides from Chinese quince fruits, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Chaenomeles cell wall polysaccharide structure rheol thermal antioxidant property; Antioxidant activity; Cell wall polysaccharides; Chinese quince; Hemicelluloses; Pectins.

To investigate the composition and structural characteristics of cell wall polysaccharides, three pectic fractions and two hemicellulose fractions, namely water-soluble pectin (WSP), chelator-soluble pectin (CSP), sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (NSP), 1 mol/L KOH soluble hemicellulose (KSH-1) and 4 mol/L KOH soluble hemicellulose (KSH-2), were isolated from Chinese quince fruits. The five fractions exhibited structural and compositional variation. The results showed NSP was the predominant cell wall polysaccharide fraction in the fruit. All pectic fractions had a low degree of esterification (31.7-42.4%). WSP fraction had the highest thermal stability among the five fractions. The polysaccharide chain lengths ranged from 19.4 nm to 121.4 nm. CSP had the highest mol. weight, giving it also the highest solution viscosity. NMR spectra revealed that NSP was composed of RG-I and galacturonic acid main chains, KSH-1 was composed of 1,4-β-D-Xylp backbone attached to 1,5-a-L-Araf units. Among the five fractions, CSP has the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity while KSH-1 has the highest reducing power. This study can contribute to the applications of Chinese quince fruit polysaccharides in food and pharmaceutical industries.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Cell wall. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hu, Yan published the artcileGossypium barbadense and Gossypium hirsutum genomes provide insights into the origin and evolution of allotetraploid cotton, Product Details of C4H6O5, the main research area is Gossypium allotetraploidy whole genome evolution.

Allotetraploid cotton is an economically important natural-fiber-producing crop worldwide. After polyploidization, Gossypium hirsutum L. evolved to produce a higher fiber yield and to better survive harsh environments than Gossypium barbadense, which produces superior-quality fibers. The global genetic and mol. bases for these interspecies divergences were unknown. Here we report high-quality de novo-assembled genomes for these two cultivated allotetraploid species with pronounced improvement in repetitive-DNA-enriched centromeric regions. Whole-genome comparative analyses revealed that species-specific alterations in gene expression, structural variations and expanded gene families were responsible for speciation and the evolutionary history of these species. These findings help to elucidate the evolution of cotton genomes and their domestication history. The information generated not only should enable breeders to improve fiber quality and resilience to ever-changing environmental conditions but also can be translated to other crops for better understanding of their domestication history and use in improvement.

Nature Genetics published new progress about Cell wall. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Product Details of C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Khorasani, Reza published the artcileHydrogen production from dairy wastewater using catalytic supercritical water gasification: Mechanism and reaction pathway, Formula: C4H10OS, the main research area is hydrogen production dairy wastewater catalytic supercritical water gasification.

The supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of real dairy wastewater (cheese-based or whey) was performed in a batch reactor in presence of two catalysts (MnO2, MgO) and one additive (formic acid). The operational conditions of this work were at a temperature range of 350-400 C and the residence time of 30-60 min. The catalysts and formic acid were applied in 1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt% to determine their effect on hydrogen production The concentrations of catalysts and formic acid were calculated based on the weight of feedstock without ash. The results showed that increased temperature and prolonged residence time contributed to the hydrogen production (HP) and gasification efficiency (GE). The gas yield of hydrogen in the optimum condition (400 C and 60 min) was achieved as 1.36 mmol/gr DAF (dry ash free). Formic acid addition was favored towards enhancing hydrogen content while the addition of metal oxides (MnO2 and MgO) had an apex in their hydrogen production and they reached the highest hydrogen in 1 wt% concentration then ebbed. Moreover, GE was increased by the addition of the catalysts and formic acid concentrations The highest hydrogen content (35.4%) was obtained in 1 wt% MnO2 and the highest GE (32.22%) was attained in the 5 wt% formic acid concentration A reaction pathway was proposed based on the GC-MS data of feedstock and produced liquid phase at different condition as well as similar studies.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy published new progress about Catalysts. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Formula: C4H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Karanjit, Sangita published the artcileA heterogeneous bifunctional silica-supported Ag2O/Im+Cl- catalyst for efficient CO2 conversion, Name: 3,5-Dimethylhex-1-yn-3-ol, the main research area is silica silver oxide imidazolium salt catalyst carbon dioxide conversion.

A silica-supported bifunctional heterogeneous catalytic system was developed based on imidazolium salt (Im+Cl-@SiO2) as an activator. The Im+Cl-@SiO2 activated both the Ag-catalyst and substrate for the carboxylative cyclization reaction of alcs. by the efficient utilization of CO2 under ambient conditions. The catalyst is quite stable and versatile and could be stored without the need of a protective atm. We also confirmed the reusability of the catalyst up to five cycles. Our catalytic system performed very well not only for the two-component reaction of propargyl alcs./amines with CO2, but also for the three-component reaction of propargyl alcs., CO2, and other alcs./amines with excellent yields of the corresponding carbonates and carbamates under mild reaction conditions. This system secures the advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis of ammonium salts with good activity, as well as easy isolation of the product and easy recovery of the catalyst.

Catalysis Science & Technology published new progress about Catalysts. 107-54-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3,5-Dimethylhex-1-yn-3-ol, and the molecular formula is C8H14O, Name: 3,5-Dimethylhex-1-yn-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wu, Haijun published the artcilePromoting the conversion of poplar to bio-oil based on the synergistic effect of alkaline hydrogen peroxide, Application of 3-Pentanol, the main research area is bio oil conversion synergistic effect alk hydrogen peroxide.

The synergistic catalysis effect of NaOH and H2O2 on the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of poplar was investigated and compared to the NaOH or H2O2 catalyzed HTL at different temperatures and 30 min residence time. GC-MS, GPC, FT-IR, HPLC and TGA were used to comprehensively characterize the phys. and chem. properties of liquefied products (bio-oil, lignin and solid residue). The results showed that the highest total bio-oil yield (70.65%) was obtained at 280°C with NaOH (35 g/L)/H2O2 (30 g/L) as catalysts. The average mol. weight and polydispersity index (PDI) were found to be lower compared to that from other conditions. As the NaOH concentration was increased, the bio-oil yield was improved. The concentration of H2O2 for the optimal synergistic effect was observed to be 30 g/L. GC-MS anal. showed that the bio-oil obtained by NaOH (35 g/L)/H2O2 (30 g/L) was characterized with the lowest N content. The synergistic effect promoted the higher production selectivity of o-xylene and p-xylene in the bio-oil.

Renewable Energy published new progress about Catalysis. 584-02-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-Pentanol, and the molecular formula is C5H12O, Application of 3-Pentanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Zhengxin published the artcileGrowth Rates of Hydrogen Microbubbles in Reacting Femtoliter Droplets, Computed Properties of 111-87-5, the main research area is growth rate hydrogen microbubble reaction femtoliter droplet.

Chem. reactions in small droplets are extensively explored to accelerate the discovery of new materials and increase the efficiency and specificity in catalytic biphasic conversion and high-throughput analytics. In this work, we investigate the local rate of the gas-evolution reaction within femtoliter droplets immobilized on a solid surface. The growth rate of hydrogen microbubbles (≥500 nm in radius) produced from the reaction was measured online with high-resolution confocal microscopic images. The growth rate of bubbles was faster in smaller droplets and near the droplet rim in the same droplet. The results were consistent for both pure and binary reacting droplets and on substrates of different wettability. Our theor. anal. based on diffusion, chem. reaction, and bubble growth predicted that the concentration of the reactant depended on the droplet size and the bubble location inside the droplet, in good agreement with exptl. results. Our results reveal that the reaction rate may be spatially nonuniform in the reacting microdroplets. The findings may have implications for formulating the chem. properties and uses of these droplets.

Langmuir published new progress about Catalysis. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Computed Properties of 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Muralidharan, Archish published the artcileStereolithographic 3D Printing for Deterministic Control over Integration in Dual-Material Composites, SDS of cas: 7575-23-7, the main research area is resin polyethylene glycol hydrogel 3D printing tissue engineering; 3D printing; composites; hydrogels; integration; interface.

A rapid and facile approach to predictably control integration between two materials with divergent properties is introduced. Programmed integration between photopolymerizable soft and stiff hydrogels is investigated due to their promise in applications such as tissue engineering where heterogeneous properties are often desired. The spatial control afforded by grayscale 3D printing is leveraged to define regions at the interface that permit diffusive transport of a second material in-filled into the 3D printed part. The printing parameters (i.e., effective exposure dose) for the resin are correlated directly to mesh size to achieve controlled diffusion. Applying this information to grayscale exposures leads to a range of distances over which integration is achieved with high fidelity. A prescribed finite distance of integration between soft and stiff hydrogels leads to a 33% increase in strain to failure under tensile testing and eliminates failure at the interface. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated in a layer-by-layer 3D printed part fabricated by stereolithog., which is subsequently infilled with a soft hydrogel containing osteoblastic cells. In summary, this approach holds promise for applications where integration of multiple materials and living cells is needed by allowing precise control over integration and reducing mech. failure at contrasting material interfaces.

Advanced Materials Technologies (Weinheim, Germany) published new progress about Cartilage. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, SDS of cas: 7575-23-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts