Month: November 2022

Li, Zhou; Cheng, Bizhen; Liu, Wei; Feng, Guangyan; Zhao, Junming; Zhang, Liquan; Peng, Yan published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Global Metabolites Reprogramming Induced by Spermine Contributing to Salt Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass.Quality Control of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid And the article contains the following content:

Soil salinization has become a serious challenge to modern agriculture worldwide. The purpose of the study was to reveal salt tolerance induced by spermine (Spm) associated with alterations in water and redox homeostasis, photosynthetic performance, and global metabolites reprogramming based on analyses of physiol. responses and metabolomics in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). Plants pretreated with or without 0.5 mM Spm were subjected to salt stress induced by NaCl for 25 days in controlled growth chambers. Results showed that a prolonged period of salt stress caused a great deal of sodium (Na) accumulation, water loss, photoinhibition, and oxidative damage to plants. However, exogenous application of Spm significantly improved endogenous spermidine (Spd) and Spm contents, followed by significant enhancement of osmotic adjustment (OA), photosynthesis, and antioxidant capacity in leaves under salt stress. The Spm inhibited salt-induced Na accumulation but did not affect potassium (K) content. The anal. of metabolomics demonstrated that the Spm increased intermediate metabolites of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt (GABA, glutamic acid, and alanine) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (aconitic acid) under salt stress. In addition, the Spm also up-regulated the accumulation of multiple amino acids (glutamine, valine, isoleucine, methionine, serine, lysine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan), sugars (mannose, fructose, sucrose-6-phosphate, tagatose, and cellobiose), organic acid (gallic acid), and other metabolites (glycerol) in response to salt stress. These metabolites played important roles in OA, energy metabolism, signal transduction, and antioxidant defense under salt stress. More importantly, the Spm enhanced GABA shunt and the TCA cycle for energy supply in leaves. Current findings provide new evidence about the regulatory roles of the Spm in alleviating salt damage to plants associated with global metabolites reprogramming and metabolic homeostasis. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Quality Control of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid

The Article related to creeping bentgrass spermine salt tolerance metabolism metabolite reprogramming, antioxidant capacity, energy metabolism, ions homeostasis, metabolic pathway, osmotic adjustment, polyamines and other aspects.Quality Control of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Malecki, Jan; Terpilowski, Konrad; Nastaj, Maciej; Solowiej, Bartosz G. published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Physicochemical, Nutritional, Microstructural, Surface and Sensory Properties of a Model High-Protein Bars Intended for Athletes Depending on the Type of Protein and Syrup Used.Application of 585-88-6 And the article contains the following content:

The main objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of using a combination of vegetable proteins from soybean (SOY), rice (RPC), and pea (PEA) with liquid syrups: tapioca fiber (TF), oligofructose (OF), and maltitol (ML) in the application of high-protein bars to determine the ability of these ingredients to modify the textural, physicochem., nutritional, surface properties, microstructure, sensory parameters, and technol. suitability. Ten variants of the samples were made, including the control sample made of whey protein concentrate (WPC) in combination with glucose syrup (GS). All combinations used had a pos. effect on the hardness reduction of the bars after the storage period. Microstructure and the contact angle showed a large influence on the proteins and syrups used on the features of the manufactured products, primarily on the increased hydrophobicity of the surface of samples made of RPC + ML, SOY + OF, and RPC + TF. The combination of proteins and syrups used significantly reduced the sugar content of the product. Water activity (<0.7), dynamic viscosity (<27 mPas•g/cm3), and sensory anal. (the highest final ratings) showed that bars made of RPC + OF, SOY + OF, and SOY + ML are characterized by a high potential for use in this type of products. The experimental process involved the reaction of SweetPearlR P300 DC Maltitol(cas: 585-88-6).Application of 585-88-6

The Article related to protein bar athlete syrup physicochem nutritional microstructure sensory property, contact angle, industrial application, liquid fiber, nutritional value, optical microscopy, plant protein and other aspects.Application of 585-88-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Yujia; Myojin, Takumi; Li, Kexin; Kurita, Ayuki; Seto, Masayuki; Motoyama, Ayano; Liu, Xiaoyang; Satoh, Ayano; Munemasa, Shintaro; Murata, Yoshiyuki; Nakamura, Toshiyuki; Nakamura, Yoshimasa published an article in 2022, the title of the article was A Major Intestinal Catabolite of Quercetin Glycosides, 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, Protects the Hepatocytes from the Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity through the Enhancement of the Total Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity.Computed Properties of 621-37-4 And the article contains the following content:

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are the major enzyme superfamily for the aldehyde metabolism Since the ALDH polymorphism leads to the accumulation of acetaldehyde, we considered that the enhancement of the liver ALDH activity by certain food ingredients could help prevent alc.-induced chronic diseases. Here, we evaluated the modulating effects of 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (OPAC), the major metabolite of quercetin glycosides, on the ALDH activity and acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity in the cultured cell models. OPAC significantly enhanced the total ALDH activity not only in mouse hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells, but also in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. OPAC significantly increased not only the nuclear level of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), but also the AhR-dependent reporter gene expression, though not the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent one. The pretreatment of OPAC at the concentration required for the ALDH upregulation completely inhibited the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity. Silencing AhR impaired the resistant effect of OPAC against acetaldehyde. These results strongly suggested that OPAC protects the cells from the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity, mainly through the AhR-dependent and Nrf2-independent enhancement of the total ALDH activity. Our findings suggest that OPAC has a protective potential in hepatocyte models and could offer a new preventive possibility of quercetin glycosides for targeting alc.-induced chronic diseases. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Computed Properties of 621-37-4

The Article related to hepatocyte cytotoxicity 3hydroxyphenylacetic acid aldehyde dehydrogenase, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, acetaldehyde, aldehyde dehydrogenase, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, quercetin metabolites and other aspects.Computed Properties of 621-37-4

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On August 8, 2013, Marson, Charles M.; Matthews, Christopher J.; Yiannaki, Elena; Atkinson, Stephen J.; Soden, Peter E.; Shukla, Lena; Lamadema, Nermina; Thomas, N. Shaun B. published an article.Recommanded Product: H-Phg(4-OH)-OH The title of the article was Discovery of Potent, Isoform-Selective Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylase Containing Chiral Heterocyclic Capping Groups and a N-(2-Aminophenyl)benzamide Binding Unit. And the article contained the following:

The synthesis of a novel series of potent chiral inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC) is described that contain a heterocyclic capping group and a N-(2-aminophenyl)benzamide unit that binds in the active site. In vitro assays for the inhibition of HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3-NCoR1, and HDAC8 by the N-(2-aminophenyl)benzamide I gave resp. IC50 values of 930, 85, 12, and 4100 nM, exhibiting class I selectivity and potent inhibition of HDAC3-NCoR1. Both imidazolinone and thiazoline rings are shown to be effective replacements for the pyrimidine ring present in many other 2-(aminophenyl)benzamides previously reported, an example of each ring system at 1 μM causing an increase in histone H3K9 acetylation in the human cell lines Jurkat and HeLa and an increase in cell death consistent with induction of apoptosis. Inhibition of the growth of MCF-7, A549, DU145, and HCT116 cell lines by I was observed, with resp. IC50 values of 5.4, 5.8, 6.4, and 2.2 mM. The experimental process involved the reaction of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH(cas: 32462-30-9).Recommanded Product: H-Phg(4-OH)-OH

The Article related to aminophenylbenzamide pyrimidine imidazolinone thiazoline capped preparation histone deacetylase inhibition, thiazoline capped hdac3 ncor1 inhibitor preparation antitumor activity apoptosis and other aspects.Recommanded Product: H-Phg(4-OH)-OH

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Murugesan, Dinakaran; Kaiser, Marcel; White, Karen L.; Norval, Suzanne; Riley, Jennifer; Wyatt, Paul G.; Charman, Susan A.; Read, Kevin D.; Yeates, Clive; Gilbert, Ian H. published an article in 2013, the title of the article was Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Pyrrolone Antimalarial Agents.Related Products of 386704-04-7 And the article contains the following content:

Previously reported pyrrolones, such as TDR32570 (I), exhibited potential as antimalarial agents; however, while these compounds have potent antimalarial activity, they suffer from poor aqueous solubility and metabolic instability. Here, further structure-activity relationship studies are described that aimed to solve the developability issues associated with this series of compounds In particular, further modifications to the lead pyrrolone, involving replacement of a Ph ring with a piperidine and removal of a potentially metabolically labile ester by a scaffold hop, gave rise to derivatives with improved in vitro antimalarial activities against Plasmodium falciparum K1, a chloroquine- and pyrimethamine-resistant parasite strain, with some derivatives exhibiting good selectivity for parasite over mammalian (L6) cells. Three representative compounds were selected for evaluation in a rodent model of malaria infection, and the best compound showed improved ability to decrease parasitemia and a slight increase in survival. The experimental process involved the reaction of (6-(Trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)methanol(cas: 386704-04-7).Related Products of 386704-04-7

The Article related to pyrrolone piperidine containing preparation antimalarial structure activity relationship, plasmodium falciparum, antiprotozoal agents, malaria, pyrrolones, structure-activity relationships and other aspects.Related Products of 386704-04-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On December 3, 2021, Jo, Hwi Yul; Lee, Jeong Min; Pietrasiak, Ewa; Lee, Eunsung; Rhee, Young Ho; Park, Jaiwook published an article.Safety of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH The title of the article was Generation of N-H imines from α-Azidocarboxylic Acids through Ru-catalyzed Decarboxylation. And the article contained the following:

A new method for the synthesis of N-H imines from α-azidocarboxylic acids was developed, which proceeded through decarboxylative C-C bond cleavage catalyzed by a com. diruthenium complex ([CpRu(CO)2]2) under visible light irradiation at room temperature within several minutes. The reactive products undergo condensation forming cyclic trimers (2,4,6-trialkylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazines) or linear N,N’-bis(arylmethylidene)arylmethanediamines in quant. yields. Alternatively, the N-H imines was trapped with benzylamine and 2-(aminomethyl)aniline providing stable N-benzylimines and tetrahydroquinazolines, resp. Subsequent oxidation of tetrahydroquinazolines produced quinazolines. The experimental process involved the reaction of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH(cas: 32462-30-9).Safety of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH

The Article related to azidoethanoic acid ruthenium catalyzed decarboxylation condensation, hexahydrotriazine bismethylidenemethanediamine preparation, benzylmethylidene amine preparation, quinazoline preparation and other aspects.Safety of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dias, Patricia; Pourova, Jana; Voprsalova, Marie; Nejmanova, Iveta; Mladenka, Premysl published an article in 2022, the title of the article was 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A Blood Pressure-Reducing Flavonoid Metabolite.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks And the article contains the following content:

Regular intake of polyphenol-rich food has been associated with a wide variety of beneficial health effects, including the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, the parent flavonoids have mostly low bioavailability and, hence, their metabolites have been hypothesized to be bioactive. One of these metabolites, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA), formed by the gut microbiota, was previously reported to exert vasorelaxant effects ex vivo. The aim of this study was to shed more light on this effect in vivo, and to elucidate the mechanism of action. 3-HPAA gave rise to a dose-dependent decrease in arterial blood pressure when administered i.v. both as a bolus and infusion to spontaneously hypertensive rats. In contrast, no significant changes in heart rate were observed In ex vivo experiments, where porcine hearts from a slaughterhouse were used to decrease the need for laboratory animals, 3-HPAA relaxed precontracted porcine coronary artery segments via a mechanism partially dependent on endothelium integrity. This relaxation was significantly impaired after endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibition. In contrast, the blockade of SKCa or IKCa channels, or muscarinic receptors, did not affect 3-HPAA relaxation. Similarly, no effects of 3-HPAA on cyclooxygenase nor L-type calcium channels were observed Thus, 3-HPAA decreases blood pressure in vivo via vessel relaxation, and this mechanism might be based on the release of nitric oxide by the endothelial layer. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

The Article related to blood pressure flavonoid metabolite 3hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, artery, blood pressure, coronary, flavonoids, gut microbiota, metabolite, pig, rat, vasorelaxation and other aspects.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On December 31, 2020, Fagbohun, Oladapo F.; Olawoye, Babatunde; Ademakinwa, Adedeji N.; Jolayemi, Kehinde A.; Msagati, Titus A. M. published an article.Synthetic Route of 96-76-4 The title of the article was Metabolome modulatory effects of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. fruit extracts on oxidative stress, hyperlipidaemic biomarkers in STZ-induced diabetic rats and antidiabetic effects in 3T3 L1 adipocytes. And the article contained the following:

The management of diabetes is considered a global problem, and a cure is yet to be discovered. This study investigated the modulatory effect of Kigelia africana fruit on oxidative stress and hyperlipidemic biomarkers in STZ-induced diabetic rats, profiled phytoconstituents using GC-TOF-MS and evaluated antidiabetic effects on 3T3 L1 adipocytes. Thirty male Wistar rats (120-150 g) were divided into six groups (n = 5). Diabetes was induced by a single i.p. injection of STZ (60 mg/kg) and treated with 100, 200 and 400 of hexane fraction of KA for 28 days. Immunohistochem. evaluation was carried out using avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase (ABI) method. Catalase and SOD activities as well as the levels of total protein, albumin, bilirubin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and high-d. lipoprotein were measured. The expressions of oxidative stress and hyperlipidemic biomarkers alongside fasting blood glucose concentrations were remarkedly decreased in KA-treated diabetic rats. Moreover, there was a significant increase in endocrine cell distribution, area covered with increase in β-cell mass, composition and morphol. of KA-treated animals. Addnl., there was constant up-regulation in 3T3 L1 adipocytes due to the presence of phytoconstituents. Kigelia africana fruit can act as a modulatory agent due to its ameliorative effects against oxidative stress. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Synthetic Route of 96-76-4

The Article related to metabolome modulatory effect kigelia africana oxidative stress hyperlipidemic biomarker, kigelia africana , diabetes mellitus , gc-tof-ms, antioxidant enzymes, avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 96-76-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chandra, Pallavi; He, Li; Zimmerman, Matthew; Yang, Guozhe; Koster, Stefan; Ouimet, Mireille; Wang, Han; Moore, Kathyrn J.; Dartois, Veronique; Schilling, Joel D.; Philips, Jennifer A. published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Inhibition of fatty acid oxidation promotes macrophage control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Name: H-Phg(4-OH)-OH And the article contains the following content:

Macrophage activation involves metabolic reprogramming to support antimicrobial cellular functions. How these metabolic shifts influence the outcome of infection by intracellular pathogens remains incompletely understood. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) modulates host metabolic pathways and utilizes host nutrients, including cholesterol and fatty acids, to survive within macrophages. We found that intracellular growth of Mtb depends on host fatty acid catabolism: when host fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) was blocked chem. with trimetazidine, a compound in clin. use, or genetically by deletion of the mitochondrial fatty acid transporter carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2), Mtb failed to grow in macrophages, and its growth was attenuated in mice. Mechanistic studies support a model in which inhibition of FAO generates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which enhance macrophage NADPH oxidase and xenophagy activity to better control Mtb infection. Thus, FAO inhibition promotes key antimicrobial functions of macrophages and overcomes immune evasion mechanisms of Mtb. The experimental process involved the reaction of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH(cas: 32462-30-9).Name: H-Phg(4-OH)-OH

The Article related to fatty acid oxidation inhibition macrophage mitochondria tuberculosis, mycobacterium tuberculosis , nadph oxidase, fatty acid oxidation, innate immunity, macrophages, mitochondrial metabolism and other aspects.Name: H-Phg(4-OH)-OH

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On April 30, 2022, Li, Kun-Ping; Yuan, Min; Wu, Yong-Lin; Pineda, Miguel; Zhang, Chu-Mei; Chen, Yan-Fen; Chen, Zhi-quan; Rong, Xiang-Lu; Turnbull, Jeremy E.; Guo, Jiao published an article.Synthetic Route of 473-81-4 The title of the article was A High-Fat High-Fructose Diet Dysregulates the Homeostatic Crosstalk Between Gut Microbiome, Metabolome, and Immunity in an Experimental Model of Obesity. And the article contained the following:

Ample evidence supports the prominent role of gut-liver axis in perpetuating pathol. networks of high-fat high-fructose (HFF) diet induced metabolic disorders, however, the mol. mechanisms are still not fully understood. Herein, this study aims to present a holistic delineation and scientific explanation for the crosstalk between the gut and liver, including the potential mediators involved in orchestrating the metabolic and immune systems. An exptl. obesity-associated metaflammation rat model is induced with a HFF diet. An integrative multi-omics anal. is then performed. Following the clues illustrated by the multi-omics discoveries, putative pathways are subsequently validated by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. HFF diet leads to obese phenotypes in rats, as well as histopathol. changes. Integrated omics anal. shows that there exists a strong interdependence among gut microbiota composition, intestinal metabolites, and innate immunity regulation in the liver. Some carboxylic acids may contribute to gut-liver communication. Moreover, activation of the hepatic LPS-TLR4 pathway in obesity is confirmed. HFF-intake disturbs gut flora homeostasis. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and innate immune system mediates hepatic metaflammation in obese rats, associated with LPS-TLR4 signaling pathway activation. Moreover, α-hydroxyisobutyric acid and some other organic acids may play a role as messengers in the liver-gut axis. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Synthetic Route of 473-81-4

The Article related to high fructose diet gut microbiome metabolome immunity obesity, lps-tlr4, chronic inflammation, gut microbiota, innate immune system, integrated multi-omics analysis, α-hydroxyisobutyric acid and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 473-81-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts