Month: November 2022

On August 4, 2020, Behm, Kira; Fazekas, Eszter; Paterson, Martin J.; Vilela, Filipe; McIntosh, Ruaraidh D. published an article.Formula: C14H22O The title of the article was Discrete Ti-O-Ti Complexes: Visible-Light-Activated, Homogeneous Alternative to TiO2 Photosensitisers. And the article contained the following:

A series of novel bimetallic TiIV amine bis(phenolate) complexes was synthesized and fully characterised. X-ray crystallog. studies revealed distorted octahedral geometries around the Ti centers with single or double oxo-bridges connecting the two metals. These robust, air- and moisture-stable complexes were employed as photosensitizers generating singlet oxygen following irradiation with visible light (420 nm) LED module in a com. flow reactor. All five complexes showed high activity in the photo-oxygenation of α-terpinene and achieved complete conversion to ascaridole in four hours at ambient temperature The excellent selectivity of these photosensitizers towards ascaridole (vs. transformation to p-cymene) was demonstrated with control experiments using a traditional TiO2 catalyst. Further comparative studies employing the free pro-ligands as well as a monometallic analog highlighted the importance of the ′TiO2-like′ moiety in the polymetallic catalysts. Computational studies were used to determine the nature of the ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) states and singlet-triplet gaps for each complex, the calculated trends in the UV-vis absorption spectra across the series agreed well with the exptl. results. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Formula: C14H22O

The Article related to discrete tioti complex visible light activated photosensitizers, crystal structure discrete tioti complex, amine bis(phenolate), flow chemistry, photosensitiser, singlet oxygen, titanium and other aspects.Formula: C14H22O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On August 30, 2020, Abid, Mehwish; Naveed, Muhammad; Azeem, Iqra; Faisal, Amir; Faizan Nazar, Muhammad; Yameen, Basit published an article.Computed Properties of 111-29-5 The title of the article was Colon specific enzyme responsive oligoester crosslinked dextran nanoparticles for controlled release of 5-fluorouracil. And the article contained the following:

Targeting bioactives selectively to diseased sites is one of the most challenging aspects of cancer therapy. Herein, fabrication of colonic enzyme-responsive dextran based oligoester crosslinked nanoparticles is reported for the controlled release of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) – an anticancer drug. The 5-FU drug loaded nanoparticles (DNPs, size ∼237 ± 25 nm, ζ-potential -17.0 ± 3 mV) were developed by the in-situ crosslinking of dextran with a bifunctional telechelic oligoester followed by the phys. drug encapsulation via nanopptn. Drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity of DNPs were found to be ∼76% (±0.1) and ∼8% (±0.1), resp. The DNPs were demonstrated to release the encapsulated drug selectively in the presence of dextranase enzyme. The in vitro release kinetics assay revealed that the DNPs released about 75% (±4) of the entrapped drug within 12 h of incubation with dextranase enzyme. No drug was released in a control experiment where DNPs were exposed to pH conditions encountered in the stomach and small intestine. Moreover, the treatment of HCT116 colon cancer cell line with the developed DNPs highlighted its biocompatibility as well as dextranase triggered cytotoxicity. The developed system offers an avenue to reduce the non-specific cytotoxicity of the encapsulated 5-FU, and a colon specific delivery of the encapsulated drug in response to the dextranase enzyme. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pentane-1,5-diol(cas: 111-29-5).Computed Properties of 111-29-5

The Article related to colon responsive oligoester crosslinked dextran nanoparticle fluorouracil, 5-fluorouracil, crosslinked dextran nanoparticles, dextranase responsive delivery system, telechelic oligoester and other aspects.Computed Properties of 111-29-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On February 28, 2022, Gautam, Veer Singh; Singh, Arti; Kumari, Puja; Nishad, Jay Hind; Kumar, Jitendra; Yadav, Monika; Bharti, Rajnish; Prajapati, Priyanka; Kharwar, Ravindra Nath published an article.Formula: C14H22O The title of the article was Phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of an endophytic fungus Nigrospora sphaerica (EHL2), inhabiting the medicinal plant Euphorbia hirta (dudhi) L.. And the article contained the following:

Since endophytic fungi are pivotal sources of various bioactive natural compounds, the present study is aimed to investigate the antioxidant compounds of the endophytic fungus Nigrospora sphaerica isolated from a pantropical weed, Euphorbia hirta L. The fungus was fermented in four different media and each filtered broth was sequentially extracted in various solvents. Crude extracts collected from different solvents were subjected to phytochem. anal. and antioxidant activity. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were maximal in Et acetate crude extract (EtOAcE) of endophyte fermented in potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium (77.74 ± 0.046mgGAE/g and 230.59 ± 2.0 mgRE/g) with the highest 96.80% antioxidant activity. However, TPC and TFC were absent in hexane extract of Czapek Dox broth (CDB) medium exhibiting the lowest 4.63 ± 2.75% activity. The EtOAcE (PDB) showed a pos. correlation between TFC and antiradical activity (R2 = 0.762; P < 0.05), whereas a high pos. correlation was noticed between TPC and antioxidant activity (R2 = 0.989; P < 0.05). Furthermore, to determine the antioxidant activity, EtOAcE (PDB) was subjected to TLC bioautog.-based partial purification, while GC/MS anal. of the partial purified extract was done to confirm the presence of phenolics along with antioxidant compounds that resulted in the detection of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (13.83%), a phenolic compound accountable for the antioxidant potential. Conclusively, N. sphaerica is a potential candidate for natural antioxidant. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Formula: C14H22O

The Article related to nigrospora sphaerica euphorbia hirta phenolic flavonoid antioxidant, antioxidant activity, compounds purification, gc–ms analysis, n. sphaerica, phytochemical analysis, tlc bioautography and other aspects.Formula: C14H22O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On June 30, 1994, Bazylak, Grzegorz published an article.Quality Control of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol The title of the article was Chemometric characterization of alkanolamines using molecular descriptors and planar chromatography data. And the article contained the following:

Twenty nine congeneric alkanolamines, mainly derivatives of ethanolamine and diethanolamine, were analyzed by reversed phase TLC on octadecyl silica layers using either methanol – water (9 + 1, volume/volume) or acetonitrile-water (9 + 1, volume/volume) as mobile phase. The capacity factors were compared with data, taken from the literature, obtained by paper chromatog. on cellulose, using three different mobile phase systems. Seven topol. indexes and other mol. descriptors, reflecting structural differences between the solutes, were calculated All the data were subjected to principal component anal. and hierarchical cluster anal. to determine the main factors affecting the observed physicochem. similarities and dissimilarities of alkanolamines or their chromatog. behavior. Multivariate classification of the alkanolamines revealed slight differences between the results obtained by principal component anal. and hierarchical cluster anal. The usefulness of the calculated abstract principal component (which accounted for 99% of the variance in the data) as the independent variable in quant. structure-retention relations (QSRR) was examined to determine whether it could be used to predict alkanolamine retention in planar chromatog. systems. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol(cas: 2160-93-2).Quality Control of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol

The Article related to chemometric characterization alkanolamine planar chromatog, alkanolamine planar chromatog retention structure relation, tlc reversed phase alkanolamine, thin layer chromatog alkanolamine and other aspects.Quality Control of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On November 1, 2020, Tsochatzis, Emmanouil D.; Mieth, Anja; Alberto Lopes, Joao; Simoneau, Catherine published an article.Formula: C14H22O The title of the article was A Salting-out Liquid-Liquid extraction (SALLE) for the analysis of caprolactam and 2,4-di-tert butyl phenol in water and food simulants. Study of the salinity effect to specific migration from food contact materials. And the article contained the following:

Caprolactam and 2,4-di-tert-Bu phenol (2,4-DTBP) are substances typically found in some food contact materials (FCMs). They are known to often migrate into food, and are difficult to analyze in liquid food simulants using GC. In this work a simple salting-out Liquid-Liquid Extraction (SALLE) for the anal. of both substances in water and the official food simulant A (10% volume/volume ethanol, Regulation (EU) Number 10/2011) is presented. The method, which included anal. determination by GC-MS, was optimized and validated to ensure sufficient anal. quality. The method’s LOQs allowed the proper quantification of caprolactam at its EU legislative limit (15 mg kg-1). For 2,4-DTBP the method also revealed good sensitivity, although no official limits have been established yet. Linear regression coefficients (R2) were in all cases higher than 0.999, and recoveries ranged from 87% and 95% for caprolactam and 2,4-DTBP, resp. Precision was also acceptable, with the RSDs (%) below 12%. The method proved to be adequate to be used for routine anal. The presence of salt during migration of caprolactam and 2,4-DTBP was also investigated in this work. Polyamide/polyethylene FCM multilayer films have been tested with water and simulant A, containing different amounts of NaCl (up to 15% m/v), and applying different migration conditions (temperature and time). The results indicated that salinity plays an important effect on the migration of caprolactam, with the presence of salt reducing its migration in case of water and increasing it in case of simulant A. These preliminary results seem to indicate that migration testing should consider not only the well-known fatty content of a food, but also its salinity content, as it may end up affecting drastically the migration of polar substances. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Formula: C14H22O

The Article related to caprolactam 24 dtbp food contact material, food contact materials, gc-ms, method validation, migration testing and food simulants, salle – salt assisted liquid extraction, salinity effect and other aspects.Formula: C14H22O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On August 18, 2021, Huarte, Estibaliz; Serra, Gessica; Monteagudo-Mera, Andrea; Spencer, Jeremy; Cid, Concepcion; de Pena, Maria-Paz published an article.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was Raw and sous-vide-cooked red cardoon stalks (Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis DC): (Poly)phenol bioaccessibility, anti-inflammatory activity in the gastrointestinal tract, and prebiotic activity. And the article contained the following:

The in vitro anti-inflammatory and prebiotic activity and the content and profile of bioaccessible (poly)phenols and catabolites of raw and sous-vide-cooked red cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis DC) were investigated during gastrointestinal (GI) digestion. Raw cardoon after in vitro GI digestion had 0.7% bioaccessible (poly)phenols, which protected against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by counteracting IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 secretions in differentiated Caco-2 cells. Contrarily, GI-digested sous vide cardoon showed higher (poly)phenol bioaccessibility (59.8%) and exerted proinflammatory effects in Caco-2 cells. (Poly)phenols were highly metabolized during the first 8 h of in vitro fermentation, and nine catabolites were produced during 48 h of fermentation Colonic-fermented raw and sous-vide-cooked cardoon did not show anti-inflammatory activity in HT-29 cells but presented potential prebiotic activity, comparable to the com. prebiotic FOS, by stimulating health-promoting bacteria such as Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus/Enterococcus spp. and by increasing the production of total SCFAs, especially acetate. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to sous vide cooking cynara polyphenol bioaccessibility antiinflammatory digestibility prebiotic, (poly)phenols, cynara, cytokines, gastrointestinal digestion, gut microbiota, heat treatment and other aspects.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On February 29, 2020, Gatidou, Georgia; Vazaiou, Niki; Thomaidis, Nikolaos S.; Stasinakis, Athanasios S. published an article.Synthetic Route of 585-88-6 The title of the article was Biodegradability assessment of food additives using OECD 301F respirometric test. And the article contained the following:

The ready biodegradability of twenty food additives, belonging to the classes of artificial sweeteners, natural sweeteners, preservatives and colorings, was investigated using activated sludge as inoculum and OECD 301F respirometric test. According to the results, saccharin, aspartame, sodium cyclamate, xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid and sodium ascorbate are characterized as readily biodegradable compounds, partial biodegradation (<60% during the test) was noticed for steviol, inulin, alitame, curcumin, ponceau 4R and tartrazine, while no biodegradation was observed for the other five compounds The duration of lag phase before the start of biodegradation varied between the target compounds, while their ultimate biodegradation half-life values ranged between 0.7 ± 0.1 days (benzoic acid) and 24.6 ± 1.0 days (curcumin). The expected removal of target compounds due to ultimate biodegradation mechanism was estimated for a biol. wastewater treatment system operated at a retention time of one day and percentages higher than 40% were calculated for sodium cyclamate, potassium sorbate and benzoic acid. Higher removal percentages are expected in full-scale Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) due to the contribution of other mechanisms such as sorption to suspended solids, (bio)transformation and co-metabolic phenomena. Further biodegradation experiments should be conducted under different exptl. conditions for the food additives that did not fulfill the requirements of the applied protocol. Future studies should also focus on the occurrence and fate of food colorants and natural sweeteners in full-scale STPs. The experimental process involved the reaction of SweetPearlR P300 DC Maltitol(cas: 585-88-6).Synthetic Route of 585-88-6

The Article related to food additive biodegradability artificial sweetener preservative coloring, micropollutants, oecd protocol, ready biodegradability, sweeteners, ultimate biodegradation kinetics, wastewater and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 585-88-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On December 31, 2020, Kim, Hanseol; Kim, Sinyeon; Kim, Dohyeon; Yoon, Sung Ho published an article.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was A single amino acid substitution in aromatic hydroxylase (HpaB) of Escherichia coli alters substrate specificity of the structural isomers of hydroxyphenylacetate. And the article contained the following:

A broad range of aromatic compounds can be degraded by enteric bacteria, and hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HPA) degrading bacteria are the most widespread. Majority of Escherichia coli strains can use both the structural isomers of HPA, 3HPA and 4HPA, as the sole carbon source, which are catabolized by the same pathway whose associated enzymes are encoded by hpa gene cluster. Previously, we observed that E. coli B REL606 grew only on 4HPA, while E. coli B BL21(DE3) grew on 3HPA as well as 4HPA. In this study, we report that a single amino acid in 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase (HpaB) of E. coli determines the substrate specificity of HPA isomers. Alignment of protein sequences encoded in hpa gene clusters of BL21(DE3) and REL606 showed that there was a difference of only one amino acid (position 379 in HpaB) between the two, viz., Arg in BL21(DE3) and Cys in REL606. REL606 cells expressing HpaB having Arg379 could grow on 3HPA, whereas those expressing HpaB with Gly379 or Ser379 could not. Structural anal. suggested that the amino acid residue at position 379 of HpaB is located not in the active site, but in the vicinity of the 4HPA binding site, and that it plays an important role in mediating the entrance and stable binding of substrates to the active site. The arginine residue at position 379 of HpaB is critical for 3HPA recognition. Information regarding the effect of amino acid residues on the substrate specificity of structural isomers can facilitate in designing hydoxylases with high catalytic efficiency and versatility. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to escherichia coli aromatic hydroxylase hydroxyphenylacetate amino acid substitution, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase, hydroxyphenylacetic acid, structural isomer, substrate specificity and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dimitrokalli, Evangelia; Fertaki, Stefani; Lykouras, Michail; Kokkinos, Petros; Orkoula, Malvina; Kontoyannis, Christos published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Warfarin Sodium Stability in Oral Formulations.Product Details of 585-88-6 And the article contains the following content:

Warfarin sodium is a low-dose pharmaceutical blood thinner that exists in two forms: the clathrate form and the amorphous form. In com. available warfarin sodium oral suspension, the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is added in the amorphous state. This study investigates the apparent instability of the com. available warfarin liquid oral formulation using Raman and IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, UV spectroscopy, and optical microscopy. Warfarin, not its sodium salt, was identified as the undissolved solid existing in the suspension. This was found to be due to the dissociation of sodium salt and the protonation of the warfarin ion in the liquid phase, which triggered the crystallization of the sparingly soluble unsalted form. The coexistence of protonated and unprotonated warfarin ions in the supernatant, as detected by Raman and UV spectroscopy, confirmed this assumption. Study of the dissolution of warfarin sodium amorphous salt and crystalline sodium clathrate in the placebo and pure water verified the results. The effect of pH and temperature on warfarin precipitation was also explored. The experimental process involved the reaction of SweetPearlR P300 DC Maltitol(cas: 585-88-6).Product Details of 585-88-6

The Article related to warfarin sodium stability oral formulation, dsc, ir, raman spectroscopy, x-ray powder diffraction, crystallization, oral suspension, warfarin, warfarin clathrate, warfarin sodium amorphous and other aspects.Product Details of 585-88-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On June 30, 2022, Toushik, Sazzad Hossen; Park, Jun-Ha; Kim, Kyeongjun; Ashrafudoulla, Md.; Senakpon Isaie Ulrich, Mevo; Mizan, Furkanur Rahman Md.; Roy, Pantu Kumar; Shim, Won-Bo; Kim, Young-Mog; Park, Si Hong; Ha, Sang-Do published an article.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The title of the article was Antibiofilm efficacy of Leuconostoc mesenteroides J.27-derived postbiotic and food-grade essential oils against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli alone and in combination, and their application as a green preservative in the seafood industry. And the article contained the following:

Foodborne pathogen-mediated biofilms in food processing environments are severe threats to human lives. In the interest of human and environmental safety, natural substances with antimicrobial properties and generally regarded as safe (GRAS) status are the futuristic disinfectants of the food industry. In this study, the efficacy of bioactive, soluble products (metabolic byproducts) from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and plant-derived essential oils (EO) were investigated as biocidal agents. The postbiotic produced by kimchi-derived Leuconostoc mesenteroides J.27 isolate was analyzed for its metabolic components to reveal its antimicrobial potential against three pathogenic microorganisms (Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli). Addnl., the efficacy of food-grade EO (eugenol and thymol, resp.) was also assessed in our study. Determination of the min. inhibitory concentration (MIC) of postbiotic and EO against three tested pathogens revealed that the sub-MIC (0.5 MIC) of postbiotic and EO could efficiently inhibit the biofilm formation on both seafood (squid) and seafood-processing surfaces (rubber and low-d. polyethylene plastic). Moreover, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) anal. confirmed that the LAB J.27 isolate possesses bacteriocin- and enzyme-coding genes. The residual antibacterial activity of the produced postbiotic was maintained over a diverse pH range (pH 1-6) but was entirely abolished at neutral or higher pH values. However, the activity was unaffected by exposure to high temperatures (100 and 121 °C) and storage (30 days). Notably, the leakage of intracellular metabolites, damage to DNA, and the down-regulation of biofilm-associated gene expression in the pathogens increased significantly (p > 0.05) following the combination treatment of postbiotic with thymol compared to postbiotic with eugenol. Nonetheless, all in vitro results indicated the prospective use of combining Leu. mesenteroides J.27-derived postbiotic with both EO as a “green preservative” in the seafood industry to inhibit the formation of pathogenic microbial biofilms. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

The Article related to leuconostoc thymol postbiotic antibiofilm preservative pseudomonas escherichia vibrio seafood, bacterial biofilm, bio-preservative, foodborne pathogen, lactic acid bacteria, seafood safety and other aspects.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts