Month: November 2022

On January 31, 2020, Francisco, Carla S.; Javarini, Clara L.; Barcelos, Iatahanderson de S.; Morais, Pedro A. B.; de Paula, Heberth; Borges, Warley de S.; Cunha Neto, Alvaro; Lacerda, Valdemar published an article.SDS of cas: 621-37-4 The title of the article was Synthesis of Coumarin Derivatives as Versatile Scaffolds for GSK-3β Enzyme Inhibition. And the article contained the following:

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is involved in the phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase. GSK-3 inhibitors have been associated with a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), diabetes type II, neurol. disorders, and cancer. The inhibition of GSK-3β isoforms is likely to represent an effective strategy against AD. The present work aimed to design and synthesize coumarin derivatives to explore their potential as GSK-3β kinase inhibitors. The through different synthetic methods were used to prepare coumarin derivatives The GSK-3β activity was measured through the ADP-GloTM Kinase Assay, which quantifies the kinasedependent enzymic production of ADP from ATP, using a coupled-luminescence-based reaction. A docking study was performed by using the crystallog. structure of the staurosporine/GSK-3β complex [Protein Data Bank (PDB) code: 1Q3D]. The eleven coumarin derivatives were obtained and evaluated as potential GSK-3β inhibitors. Addnl., in silico studies were performed. The results revealed that the compounds 5c, 5d, and 6b inhibited GSK-3β enzymic activity by 38.97-49.62% at 1 mM. The other coumarin derivatives were tested at 1 mM, 1μM, and 1 nM concentrations and were shown to be inhibitor candidates, with significant IC50 (1.224-6.875μM) values, except for compound 7c (IC50 = 10.809μM). Docking simulations showed polar interactions between compound 5b and Lys85 and Ser203, clarifying the mechanism of the most potent activity. The coumarin derivatives 3a and 5b, developed in this study, showed remarkable activity as GSK-3β inhibitors. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).SDS of cas: 621-37-4

The Article related to methoxyphenylcoumarin gsk3beta inhibitor alzheimer disease antialzheimer agent, biological activity, coumarin, coumarin derivatives, enzymatic inhibition, gsk-3β, molecular docking. and other aspects.SDS of cas: 621-37-4

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
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On January 31, 2022, Corazza, Monica; Schenetti, Cecilia; Schettini, Natale; Zedde, Pierantonia; Borghi, Alessandro published an article.Quality Control of Pentane-1,5-diol The title of the article was Pentylene glycol: An emerging cosmetic allergen?. And the article contained the following:

A review. In this report patch tests with pentylene glycol (PTG) and propylene glycol (PG) at the same concentrations were performed in 15 healthy subjects with no reactions. Pentylene glycol is a preservative, solvent, and humectant that might be used increasingly in cosmetic products. It is considered to be both a weak irritant and a weak allergen. In our patient no cross reactions were observed, confirming what has been observed in the literature. Further studies are strongly needed define the real allergenic potential of this mol., which is used frequently in cosmetics that are formulated for sensitive and atopic skin. Finally, the occurrence of cross reactivity between different glycols should be deeply investigated, perhaps using higher patch-test concentrations and later readings. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pentane-1,5-diol(cas: 111-29-5).Quality Control of Pentane-1,5-diol

The Article related to review pentylene glycol cosmetic allergen irritant patch test, 1,5-pentanediol, cas no 5343-92-0, allergic contact dermatitis, case report, cosmetic cream, glycols, pentylene glycol and other aspects.Quality Control of Pentane-1,5-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On September 1, 2016, Acharya, Pratap Chandra; Vasi, Ruqaiya; Suares, Divya published an article.Recommanded Product: 78-26-2 The title of the article was FTIR assay method for UV inactive drug carisoprodol and identification of degradants by RP-HPLC and ESI-MS. And the article contained the following:

A new method of anal. has been developed for UV inactive drug carisoprodol using FTIR spectroscopy. These methods were validated for various parameters according to ICH guidelines. The proposed method has also been successfully applied for the determination of the drug concentration in a tablet formulation. The method proved to be accurate (mean percentage recovery between 95 and 105%), precise and reproducible (relative standard deviation < 2%), while being simple, economical and less time consuming than other methods and can be used for routine estimation of carisoprodol in the pharmaceutical industry. The developed method also implicates its utility for other UV inactive substances. The stability of the drug under various stress conditions was studied and the drug was found to be particularly susceptible to alk. hydrolysis. Degradation products of the alk. hydrolysis were detected by RP-HPLC and tentatively identified by ESI-MS. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Methyl-2-propylpropane-1,3-diol(cas: 78-26-2).Recommanded Product: 78-26-2

The Article related to carisoprodol degradant ftir reversed phase hplc esi ms, carisoprodol quantitative estimation, degradant identification, ftir method development, forced degradation, uv inactive drug and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 78-26-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On September 9, 2020, Elimelech, Orian; Aviv, Omer; Oded, Meirav; Banin, Uri published an article.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The title of the article was A Tale of Tails: Thermodynamics of CdSe Nanocrystal Surface Ligand Exchange. And the article contained the following:

The surface ligands of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) are central for determining their properties and for their flexible implementation in diverse applications. Thus far, the thermodn. characteristics of ligand exchange reactions were attained by indirect methods. Isothermal titration calorimetry is utilized to directly and independently measure both the equilibrium constant and the reaction enthalpy of a model ligand exchange reaction from oleate-capped CdSe NCs to a series of alkylthiols. Increased reaction exothermicity for longer chains, accompanied by a decrease in reaction entropy with an overall enthalpy-entropy compensation behavior is observed, explained by the length-dependent interchain interactions and the organization of the bound ligands on the NCs’ surface. An increase in the spontaneity of the reaction with decreasing NC size is also revealed, due to their enhanced surface reactivity. This work provides a fundamental understanding of the physicochem. properties of the NC surface with implications for NC surface ligand design. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1-Decanethiol(cas: 143-10-2).Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

The Article related to cadmium selenide nanocrystal ligand exchange thiol, cdse nanocrystals, enthalpy−entropy compensation, isothermal titration calorimetry, ligand exchange, nanocrystal surface analysis and other aspects.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On October 25, 2021, Macho, Oliver; Gabrisova, Ludmila; Brokesova, Jana; Svacinova, Petra; Muzikova, Jitka; Galbava, Paulina; Blasko, Jaroslav; Sklubalova, Zdenka published an article.Application of 585-88-6 The title of the article was Systematic study of paracetamol powder mixtures and granules tabletability: Key role of rheological properties and dynamic image analysis. And the article contained the following:

The aim of this systematic study was to analyze the granulometric and rheol. behavior of tableting mixtures in relation to tabletability by single tablet and lab-scale batch compression with an eccentric tablet machine. Three mixtures containing 33, 50, and 66% of the cohesive drug paracetamol were prepared The high compressibility of the powder mixtures caused problems with overcompaction or lamination in the single tablet compression method; due to jamming of the material during the filling of the die, the lab-scale batch compression was impossible. Using high shear granulation, the flow properties and tabletability were adjusted. A linear relationship between the span of granules and the specific energy measured by FT4 powder rheometer was detected. In parallel, a linear relationship between conditioned bulk d. and the tensile strength of the tablets at lab-scale batch tableting was noted. The combination of dynamic image anal. and powder rheometry was useful for predicting the tabletability of pharmaceutical mixtures during the single tablet (design) compression and the lab-scale batch compression. The experimental process involved the reaction of SweetPearlR P300 DC Maltitol(cas: 585-88-6).Application of 585-88-6

The Article related to paracetamol powder mixture granule tabletability dynamic image analysis, dynamic image analysis, heckel analysis, high shear granulation, paracetamol, powder rheology, tabletability and other aspects.Application of 585-88-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On August 31, 2022, Ma, Xiaoyao; Bai, Yongping; Liu, Kaixin; Han, Yiman; Zhang, Jinling; Liu, Yuteng; Hou, Xiaotao; Hao, Erwei; Hou, Yuanyuan; Bai, Gang published an article.HPLC of Formula: 473-81-4 The title of the article was Ursolic acid inhibits the cholesterol biosynthesis and alleviates high fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia via irreversible inhibition of HMGCS1 in vivo. And the article contained the following:

In hypercholesteremia, the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) and low-d. lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are enhanced in serum, which is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic terpenoid carboxylic acid, was found to alleviate hypercholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia-induced cardiovascular disease. However, the specific targets and mol. mechanisms related to the effects of UA in reducing cholesterol have not been elucidated. In this study, we aimed to illustrate the target of UA in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and to reveal its underlying mol. mechanism. Nontargeted metabolomics was conducted to analyze the metabolites and related pathways that UA affected in vivo. The main lipid metabolism targets of UA were analyzed by target fishing and fluorescence colocalization in mouse liver. Mol. docking, in-gel fluorescence scan and thermal shift were assessed to further investigate the binding site of the UA metabolite with HMGCS1. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 wk to induce hypercholesteremia. Liver tissues were used to verify the cholesterol-lowering mol. mechanism of UA by targeted metabolomics, serum was used to detect biochem. indexes, and the entire aorta was used to analyze the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. Our results showed that hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthetase 1 (HMGCS1) was the primary lipid metabolism target protein of UA. The UA metabolite epoxy-modified UA irreversibly bonds with the thiol of Cys-129 in HMGCS1, which inhibits the catalytic activity of HMGCS1 and reduces the generation of precursors in cholesterol biosynthesis in vivo. The contents of TC and LDL-C in serum and the formation of the atherosclerotic area in the entire aorta were markedly reduced with UA treatment in Diet-induced hypercholesteremia mice. UA inhibits the catalytic activity of HMGCS1, reduces the generation of downstream metabolites in the process of cholesterol biosynthesis and alleviates Diet-induced hypercholesteremia via irreversible binding with HMGCS1 in vivo. It is the first time to clarify the irreversible inhibition mechanism of UA against HMGCS1. This paper provides an increased understanding of UA, particularly regarding the mol. mechanism of the cholesterol-lowering effect, and demonstrates the potential of UA as a novel therapeutic for the treatment of hypercholesteremia. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).HPLC of Formula: 473-81-4

The Article related to ursolic acid anticholesteremic hmgcs1 cholesterol biosynthesis hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol biosynthesis, covalent binding, hmgcs1, hypercholesteremia, metabolite, ursolic acid and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 473-81-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On December 25, 2021, Luo, Xue; Huang, Xueyan; Luo, Zhen; Wang, Zeze; He, Genlin; Tan, Yulong; Zhang, Boyi; Zhou, Huan; Li, Ping; Shen, Tingting; Yu, Xueting; Yang, Xuesen published an article.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was Electromagnetic field exposure-induced depression features could be alleviated by heat acclimation based on remodeling the gut microbiota. And the article contained the following:

Electromagnetic pollution cannot be ignored. Long-term low-dose electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure can cause central nervous system dysfunction without effective prevention. Male C57BL/6J mice (6-8 wk, 17-20 g) were used in this study. Depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors detected by behavioral experiments were compared among different treatments. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and non-targeted liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics were used to explore the relationship between EMF exposure and heat acclimation (HA) effects on gut microbes and serum metabolites. Both EMF and HA regulated the proportions of p_Firmicutes and p_Bacteroidota. EMF exposure caused the proportions of 6 kinds of bacteria, such as g_Butyricicoccus and g_Anaerotruncus, to change significantly (p < 0.05). HA restored the balance of gut microbes that was affected by EMF exposure and the proportion of probiotics (g_Lactobacillus) increased significantly (p < 0.01). Serum metabolite anal. suggested that HA alleviated the disturbance of serum metabolites (such as cholesterol and -mannose) induced by EMF exposure. Both the metabolic KEGG pathways and PICRUSt functional anal. demonstrated that tryptophan metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism and amino acid biosynthesis were involved. EMF exposure not only led to depression-like neurobehavioral disorders, but also to gut microbiota imbalance. HA alleviated the depression features caused by EMF exposure. Based on the anal. of gut microbiota associated with serum metabolites, we speculated that gut microbiota might play a vital role in the cross-tolerance provided by HA. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to lactobacillus firmicutes depression electromagnetic field gut microbiota, cross-tolerance, depression, electromagnetic field, gut microbiota, heat acclimation, metabolomics analysis and other aspects.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On January 25, 2022, Heremans, Isaac P.; Caligiore, Francesco; Gerin, Isabelle; Bury, Marina; Lutz, Marilena; Graff, Julie; Stroobant, Vincent; Vertommen, Didier; Teleman, Aurelio A.; Van Schaftingen, Emile; Bommera, Guido T. published an article.Related Products of 473-81-4 The title of the article was Parkinson′s disease protein PARK7 prevents metabolite and protein damage caused by a glycolytic metabolite. And the article contained the following:

Cells are continuously exposed to potentially dangerous compounds Progressive accumulation of damage is suspected to contribute to neurodegenerative diseases and aging, but the mol. identity of the damage remains largely unknown. Here we report that PARK7, an enzyme mutated in hereditary Parkinson′s disease, prevents damage of proteins and metabolites caused by a metabolite of glycolysis. We found that the glycolytic metabolite 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) spontaneously forms a novel reactive intermediate that avidly reacts with amino groups. PARK7 acts by destroying this intermediate, thereby preventing the formation of proteins and metabolites with glycerate and phosphoglycerate modifications on amino groups. As a consequence, inactivation of PARK7 (or its orthologs) in human cell lines, mouse brain, and Drosophila melanogaster leads to the accumulation of these damaged compounds, most of which have not been described before. Our work demonstrates that PARK7 function represents a highly conserved strategy to prevent damage in cells that metabolize carbohydrates. This represents a fundamental link between metabolism and a type of cellular damage that might contribute to the development of Parkinson′s disease. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Related Products of 473-81-4

The Article related to park7 neuroprotectant metabolite protein cell damage glycolysis parkinson disease, parkinson’s disease, glycolysis, metabolite damage, posttranslational modification, protein damage and other aspects.Related Products of 473-81-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On July 15, 2020, Yuan, Bo; Zhao, Danyue; Kshatriya, Dushyant; Bello, Nicholas T.; Simon, James E.; Wu, Qingli published an article.Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method development and validation with statistical analysis: Determination of raspberry ketone metabolites in mice plasma and brain. And the article contained the following:

Raspberry ketone (RK) (4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone) is the major compound responsible for the characteristic aroma of red raspberries, and has long been used com. as a flavoring agent and recently as a weight loss supplement. A targeted UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method was developed and validated for anal. of RK and 25 associated metabolites in mouse plasma and brain. Dispersion and projection anal. and central composite design were used for method optimization. Random effect anal. of variance was applied for validation inference and variation partition. Within this framework, repeatability, a broader sense of precision, was calculated as fraction of accuracy variance, reflecting instrumental imprecision, compound degradation and carry-over effects. Multivariate correlation anal. and principle component anal. were conducted, revealing underlying association among the manifold of method traits. R programming was engaged in streamlined statistical anal. and data visualization. Two particular phenomena, the analytes’ background existence in the enzyme solution used for phase II metabolites deconjugation, and the noted lability of analytes in pure solvent at 4° vs. elevated stability in biomatrices, were found critical to method development and validation. The approach for the method development and validation provided a foundation for experiments that examine RK metabolism and bioavailability. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to uhplc mass spectrometry statistical analysis raspberry ketone metabolite, design of experiment, metabolomics, multivariate analysis, random effects anova, surface response modelling and other aspects.Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On September 30, 2022, Li, Junnan; Li, Yannan; Duan, Wenzhe; Zhao, Zhonghui; Yang, Lixuan; Wei, Wei; Li, Jingchun; Li, Yang; Yu, Yao; Dai, Baoan; Guo, Rongjuan published an article.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The title of the article was Shugan granule contributes to the improvement of depression-like behaviors in chronic restraint stress-stimulated rats by altering gut microbiota. And the article contained the following:

The investigation aims to evaluate the potential effect of Shugan Granule (SGKL) on the gut, brain, and behaviors in rats exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS). The fecal microbiota and metabolite changes were studied in rats exposed to CRS and treated with SGKL (0.1 mg/kg/day). Depressive behaviors of these rats were determined through an open-field experiment, forced swimming test, sucrose preference, and weighing. Moreover, LPS-stimulated microglia and CRS-stimulated rats were treated with SGKL to investigate the regulation between SGKL and the PI3K/Akt/pathway, which is inhibited by LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. (I) SGKL improved the altered behaviors in CRS-stimulated rats; (ii) SGKL ameliorated the CRS-induced neuronal degeneration and tangled nerve fiber and also contributed to the recovery of intestinal barrier injury in these rats; (iii) SGKL inhibited the hippocampus elevations of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in response to CRS modeling; (iv) based on the principal coordinates anal. (PCoA), SGKL altered α-diversity indexes and shifted β-diversity in CRS-stimulated rats; (v) at the genus level, SGKL decreased the CRS-enhanced abundance of Bacteroides; (vi) Butyricimonas and Candidatus Arthromitus were enriched in SGKL-treated rats; (vii) altered gut microbiota and metabolites were correlated with behaviors, inflammation, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway; (viii) SGKL increased the LPS-decreased phosphorylation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in microglia and inhibited the LPS-induced microglial activation; (ix) PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inactivation reversed the SGKL effects in CRS rats. SGKL targets the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by altering gut microbiota and metabolites, which ameliorates altered behavior and inflammation in the hippocampus. The experimental process involved the reaction of SweetPearlR P300 DC Maltitol(cas: 585-88-6).Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

The Article related to shugan granule antidepressant gut microbiota depression chronic restraint stress, shugan granule, chronic restraint stress, depression-like behaviors, gut metabolome, gut microbiota and other aspects.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts