Month: November 2022

Pyridoxal hydrochloride thiosemicarbazones with copper ions inhibit cell division via Topo-I and Topo-II was written by Qi, Jinxu;Zheng, Yunyun;Li, Bin;Ai, Yu;Chen, Mengyao;Zheng, Xinhua. And the article was included in Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry in 2022.Synthetic Route of C8H10ClNO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Topoisomerase (Topo) accelerates cell growth and division, and has been a theor. target for anti-cancer drugs for decades. A series of pyridoxal thiosemicarbazone (PLT) ligands were designed and synthesized, and the dependence of their antiproliferative activity on copper was investigated. The insertion of N-cyclohexyl-2-((3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)methylene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide hydrochloride (compound 9) and Chlorido(N-cyclohexyl-2-((3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)methylene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide hydrochloride-O,N,S)-copper(II) nitrate (9-Cu complex) into Topo-I and Topo-II prevented uncoiling of DNA through hydrogen bonds and intermol. forces. The combination of PLT derivatives and copper gluconate (CuGlu) improved their anti-tumor activity against a cell line with high expression of topoisomerase (SK-BR-3). The non-linear regression equations of the inhibitory activity and anti-tumor activity of Topo-I and Topo-II in SK-BR-3 cells had R2 values of 0.93 and 0.94, resp. In addition to lipophilicity, inhibition of topoisomerase also affected the activity of PLT ligands by coordinating with copper ions. At the cellular level, PLTs and CuGlu penetrate the cell membrane to form metabolites in the cell, thus selectively inhibiting the activity of Topo-I and Topo-II, and ultimately inhibiting cell division. These findings will inform the design of future anti-cancer thiosemicarbazone drugs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Synthetic Route of C8H10ClNO3).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Synthetic Route of C8H10ClNO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bisphenol S promotes the progression of prostate cancer by regulating the expression of COL1A1 and COL1A2 was written by Liu, Shengdi;He, Bin;Li, Hua. And the article was included in Toxicology in 2022.Reference of 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In recent decades, Bisphenol S (BPS), which was once thought to be an alternative for Bisphenol A (BPA) has been extensively used in personal care products, paper products, and food. However, there is an unclear association between bisphenol and tumors. Therefore, clarifying this relationship is critical for disease prevention and treatment. This work found a novel method that predicts a correlation between bisphenol interactive genes and tumors. First, the transcriptome profile and interactive genes of bisphenol were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression, Comparative Toxicol. Genomics, and PharmMapper databases. Gene Ontol. and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes anal. revealed that interactive genes are primarily enriched in prostate cancer. Gene targeted prediction and gene set variation anal. confirmed that bisphenol exerts potential effects on prostate cancer. The operating characteristic curves and survival anal. uncovered the role of COL1A1 and COL1A2 in predicting the prognosis of prostate cancer. Cell counting kit-8 assay revealed that BPS-treated cells could remarkably promote cell proliferation capacity in both PC-3 and LNCap cells. In addition, wound healing and transwell assays demonstrated that BPS-treated cells could significantly promote the cell invasion capacity of prostate cells. Notably, two key genes, i.e., COL1A1 and COL1A2 were significantly upregulated with BPS-treated PC-3 and LNCap cells. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Reference of 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Reference of 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Development of Comprehensive Serological Techniques for Sensitive, Quantitative and Rapid Detection of Soybean mosaic virus was written by Ren, Rui;Wang, Tao;Gao, Le;Song, Puwen;Yang, Yunhua;Zhi, Haijian;Li, Kai. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2022.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Soybean is an important grain and oil crop worldwide; however, the yield and seed quality of which are seriously affected by Soybean mosaic virus (SMV). As efficient detection technol. is crucial for the field management of SMV, novel immunol. detection methods were developed in the present study. According to the phylogenetic anal., the CP coding sequence of SMV-SC7 was selected for the prokaryotic expression of the recombinant SMV-CP. Purified SMV-CP was used for the development of polyclonal antibodies (PAb) against the SMV-CP (PAb-SMV-CP) and monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against SMV-CP (MAb-SMV-CP). Subsequently, the PAb-SMV-CP was used for the development of a novel DAS- quant. ELISA (DAS-qELISA) kit, of which the sensitivity was greater than 1:4000, and this could be used for the quant. detection of SMV in China. Meanwhile, the MAb-SMV-CP was labeled with colloidal gold, and then was used for the development of the SMV-specific gold immunochromatog. strip (SMV-GICS). The SMV-GICS gives accurate detection results through observed control lines and test lines in 5 to 10 min, sharing the same sensitivity as RT-PCR, and can be used for rapid, accurate and high-throughput field SMV detection. The DAS-qELISA kit and the SMV-GICA strip developed in this study are SMV-specific, sensitive, cheap and easy to use. These products will be conducive to the timely, efficient SMV epidemiol. and detection in major soybean-producing regions in China and abroad. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Electric Literature of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Conductive polymer sorbent for extraction and determination of resveratrol and polydatin in Polygonum cuspidatum root samples was written by Xue, Xuemei;Deng, Fei;Ge, Zhenkai;Meng, Jingwen;Liu, Xiya;Zhao, Yongheng;Hu, Yanggen;Ling, Xu. And the article was included in Phytochemical Analysis in 2022.Recommanded Product: 27208-80-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The quant. anal. of trace resveratrol and polydatin in plant tissues is suitable for elucidation of the compounds mechanisms of action. The main objective of this work was to develop a feasible and effective sample pretreatment method to measure the concentrations of resveratrol and polydatin in complex samples. A polymer sorbent, poly(2-mercaptobenzimidazole), was electrochem. prepared and utilized for selective extraction, while resveratrol and polydatin were used as target analytes. The sorbent was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, SEM and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. After extraction and elution, the analytes were analyzed by a Thermo U3000 HPLC system. Several affecting parameters, including the volume of elution solution, sample pH value, sample flow rate and sample volume, were evaluated and optimized. The proposed method showed good linearity with low limits of detection (from 0.5 to 0.8 ng·mL^-1) and ideal accuracy with spiked recoveries from 81.30% to 99.16%. A good enrichment factor (more than 200-fold) together with good sensitivity was obtained with this method. Anal. of resveratrol and polydatin in Polygonum cuspidatum samples by this method is efficient. The method developed in this work exhibits several significant merits, including easy operation and high extraction efficiency, indicating that electrochem. prepared polymer sorbent is useful for sample pretreatment and anal. of traditional Chinese medicine samples. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 27208-80-6Recommanded Product: 27208-80-6).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 27208-80-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Recommanded Product: 27208-80-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Self-crosslinking smart hydrogels through direct complexation between benzoxaborole derivatives and diols from hyaluronic acid was written by Figueiredo, Tamiris;Ogawa, Yu;Jing, Jing;Cosenza, Vanina;Jeacomine, Isabelle;Olsson, Johan D. M.;Gerfaud, Thibaud;Boiteau, Jean-Guy;Harris, Craig;Auzely-Velty, Rachel. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2020.Quality Control of 7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Boronate ester cross-linked hydrogels have emerged as promising injectable scaffolds for biomedical applications given their rapid self-healing ability. For a rational design of such networks, all variables influencing their dynamic rheol. properties, especially the boronic acid and the diol-containing mol. selected as mol. crosslinkers have to be carefully considered. Herein, by tailoring the structure of benzoxaborole (BOR), self-crosslinking hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid (HA) modified with BOR derivatives are obtained for the first time through the direct BOR-HA diol complexation at physiol. pH. Among the different HA-BOR conjugates investigated, those prepared from 6-amino-7-fluoro-3,3-dimethyl benzoxaborole (HA-DMF6ABOR) and 7-amino-3,3-dimethyl benzoxaborole (HA-DM7ABOR) show unprecedented self-crosslinking properties, leading to the formation of self-healing hydrogels with extremely slow dynamics. These networks also exhibit remarkable pH- and glucose-responsive behaviors. These properties are related to the peculiar structure of these two BOR moieties, having as the common feature, a gem-di-Me group in the oxaborole ring and an ortho-substituent in the Ph ring. Mol. dynamic simulations are used to provide insight in the role of these substituents in the outstanding capability of DMF6ABOR and DM7ABOR to crosslink HA. They show that BOR complexation induces changes in conformation of HA favoring formation of a highly entangled 3D network. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol (cas: 174671-93-3Quality Control of 7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol).

7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol (cas: 174671-93-3) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Quality Control of 7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Self-crosslinking smart hydrogels through direct complexation between benzoxaborole derivatives and diols from hyaluronic acid was written by Figueiredo, Tamiris;Ogawa, Yu;Jing, Jing;Cosenza, Vanina;Jeacomine, Isabelle;Olsson, Johan D. M.;Gerfaud, Thibaud;Boiteau, Jean-Guy;Harris, Craig;Auzely-Velty, Rachel. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2020.Recommanded Product: 7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Boronate ester cross-linked hydrogels have emerged as promising injectable scaffolds for biomedical applications given their rapid self-healing ability. For a rational design of such networks, all variables influencing their dynamic rheol. properties, especially the boronic acid and the diol-containing mol. selected as mol. crosslinkers have to be carefully considered. Herein, by tailoring the structure of benzoxaborole (BOR), self-crosslinking hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid (HA) modified with BOR derivatives are obtained for the first time through the direct BOR-HA diol complexation at physiol. pH. Among the different HA-BOR conjugates investigated, those prepared from 6-amino-7-fluoro-3,3-dimethyl benzoxaborole (HA-DMF6ABOR) and 7-amino-3,3-dimethyl benzoxaborole (HA-DM7ABOR) show unprecedented self-crosslinking properties, leading to the formation of self-healing hydrogels with extremely slow dynamics. These networks also exhibit remarkable pH- and glucose-responsive behaviors. These properties are related to the peculiar structure of these two BOR moieties, having as the common feature, a gem-di-Me group in the oxaborole ring and an ortho-substituent in the Ph ring. Mol. dynamic simulations are used to provide insight in the role of these substituents in the outstanding capability of DMF6ABOR and DM7ABOR to crosslink HA. They show that BOR complexation induces changes in conformation of HA favoring formation of a highly entangled 3D network. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol (cas: 174671-93-3Recommanded Product: 7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol).

7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol (cas: 174671-93-3) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 7-Fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Surface modification of liposomes using IR700 enables efficient controlled contents release triggered by near-IR light was written by Kono, Yusuke;Yokoyama, Kazuha;Suzuki, Motofumi;Takakura, Hideo;Ogawa, Mikako. And the article was included in Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 2020.Quality Control of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Stimuli-responsive liposomes are promising drug carriers for cancer treatment because they enable controlled drug release and the maintenance of desired drug concentrations in tumor tissue. In particular, near-IR (NIR) light is a useful stimulus for triggering drug release from liposomes based on its advantages such as deep tissue penetration and safety. Previously, we found that a silicon phthalocyanine derivative, IR700, conjugated to antibodies, can induce the rupture of the cell membrane following irradiation by NIR light. Based on this finding, we constructed IR700-modified liposomes (IR700 liposomes) and evaluated their drug release properties triggered by NIR light. Drug release was substantially suppressed by the addition of sodium azide, suggesting that liposomal membrane permeabilization was mediated by singlet oxygen generated from IR700. Thus, membrane disruption should be induced by the phys. change of IR700 from highly hydrophilic to hydrophobic as we previously described, although singlet oxygen can cause a certain level of membrane disruption under normoxia. We also observed that doxorubicin-encapsulated IR700 liposomes exhibited significant cytotoxic effects against CT-26 murine colon carcinoma cells following NIR light exposure. These results indicate that IR700 liposomes can efficiently release anti-cancer drugs following NIR light irradiation even under hypoxic conditions and, therefore, they would be useful for cancer treatment. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Quality Control of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Quality Control of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Multiphase Equilibria Modeling with GCA-EoS. Part II: Carbon Dioxide with the Homologous Series of Alcohols was written by Gonzalez Prieto, Mariana;Sanchez, Francisco Adrian;Pereda, Selva. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 2018.Formula: C10H22O The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Modeling multiphase equilibrium of mixtures comprising carbon dioxide (CO₂) and organic compounds is a challenge for any equation of state. CO₂ shows a highly nonideal phase behavior with most organic compounds, which is even more pronounced with hydrogen-bonding compounds In this work, we have extended the Group-Contribution with Association equation of state (GCA-EOS) to represent vapor-liquid, liquid-liquid, and vapor-liquid-liquid equilibrium of CO₂ mixtures with primary alcs. The final set of parameters has been challenged against an exptl. database covering C₁-C₁₆ primary alcs., temperatures from 230 to 573 K, and pressures up to 400 bar. Particular attention has been given to describe the critical curves for each binary system correctly, which means attaining the phase equilibrium transformation of the CO₂ + 1-alc. homologous series as the alc. alkyl chain length increases. This parametrization strategy allows reducing the risk of incorrect liquid-liquid split predictions. In addition, using a single set of parameters, fitted to binary data of CO₂ with normal alcs., the model is able to predict the phase behavior of binary mixtures not included in the parametrization procedure, comprising normal and branched alcs. The GCA-EOS predicts properly the overall phase behavior, i.e., the binary critical curves, without losing accuracy in the prediction of saturation points. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8Formula: C10H22O).

3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C10H22O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A new zinc(II) complex with N₂O₂-tetradentate Schiff-base derived from pyridoxal-S-methylthiosemicarbazone: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, DFT, molecular docking and antioxidant activity studies was written by Poladian, Qumars;Sahin, Onur;Karakurt, Tuncay;Ilhan-Ceylan, Berat;Kurt, Yasemin. And the article was included in Polyhedron in 2021.Electric Literature of C8H10ClNO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A new unsym. N₂O₂-tetradentate Schiff-base complex of zinc(II) was synthesized by the template reaction of pyridoxal-S-methylthiosemicarbazone and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde as starting compounds S-methylthiosemicarbazone (1) and zinc(II) complex [Zn(L)CH₃OH] (2) were characterized by elemental anal., FT-IR, UV-visible, ¹H, and ¹³C NMR spectra. The mol. structure of 2 was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The structure consists of a distorted square-pyramidal geometry around the central metal, Zn(II). Quantum chem. calculations were carried out using d. functional theory DFT/B3LYP, 6-31G (d), and LanL2DZ basis sets for theor. characterization of the compounds The exptl. and theor. data were compared comprehensively. The potential energy distribution (PED) anal. was performed for the assignment of vibration frequencies. In order to support in vitro studies, mol. docking studies were carried out so that the title compound can be an inhibitor of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (1 m17), and the relationship between calculated HOMO energies and docking studies was examined In addition, the total antioxidant capacity (as TEAC value) and free radical scavenging activity of the compounds were determined by Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) methods, resp. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Electric Literature of C8H10ClNO3).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Electric Literature of C8H10ClNO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Field tests with mosquito and sand-fly repellents in Alaska was written by Applewhite, K. H.;Smith, Carroll N.. And the article was included in Journal of Economic Entomology in 1950.HPLC of Formula: 115-84-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In field tests with 10 repellents (25% solutions) applied to the human skin, Pr N,N-diethylsuccinamate (I) was most effective against Aedes flavescens and I and di-Me phthalate (II) were equally effective and superior to the other repellents against a mixed population of Aedes species. Cream preparations containing 20% of each of the 10 repellents were slightly less effective than the 25% solutions The repellents tested in addition to I and II were: Mixture 6-2-2 (I 60%, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol 20%, Indalone 20%); 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol; 4-(p-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxane; Indalone; 2,2′-thiodiethanol diacetate; pentamethylene propionate; Et β-phenylhydracrylate; 2-ethyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol butyraldehyde, 2-ethyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol acetal. Thirty-five materials known to have mosquito-repellent properties were applied to cotton stockings in acetone solution at 3 g./sq. ft. of cloth (6.6 g./stocking). The impregnated stockings were subjected to wear and rinsing (cold water) tests. Materials which withstood 4 or more rinsings and 16 h. of wear were: hexyl mandelate (superior); Indalone; 2,2-[(2-ethylhexyloxy)ethoxy]-ethanol; cyclohexanepropionic acid; α,α,α-trichloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)acetamide; N-butylhexahydrophthalimide; N-butyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide; caprylic acid; allyl α,β-epoxy-β-phenylbutyrate; isobornyl 4-morpholineacetate. Repellents applied to face masks as a protection against sand flies (Culicoides tristriatulus) failed. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4HPLC of Formula: 115-84-4).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.HPLC of Formula: 115-84-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts