Month: October 2022

In general, the hydroxyl group makes alcohols polar. Those groups can form hydrogen bonds to one another and to most other compounds. 16545-68-9, formula is C3H6O, Owing to the presence of the polar OH alcohols are more water-soluble than simple hydrocarbons. Methanol, ethanol, and propanol are miscible in water. Butanol, with a four-carbon chain, is moderately soluble. Formula: C3H6O

Lazerwith, Scott E.;Bahador, Gina;Canales, Eda;Cheng, Guo-Feng;Chong, Lee;Clarke, Michael O.;Doerffler, Edward;Eisenberg, Eugene J.;Hayes, Jaclyn;Lu, Bing;Liu, Qi;Matles, Mike;Mertzman, Michael;Mitchell, Michael L.;Morganelli, Philip;Murray, Bernard P.;Robinson, Margaret;Strickley, Robert G.;Tessler, Megan;Tirunagari, Neeraj;Wang, Jian-Hong;Wang, Yu-Jin;Zhang, Jennifer R.;Zheng, Xu-Bin;Zhong, Wei-Dong;Watkins, William J. research published 《 Optimization of Pharmacokinetics through Manipulation of Physicochemical Properties in a Series of HCV Inhibitors》, the research content is summarized as follows. A novel series of HCV replication inhibitors based on a pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine core were optimized for pharmacokinetics (PK) in rats. Several associations between physicochem. properties and PK were identified and exploited to guide the design of compounds In addition, a simple new metric that may aid in the prediction of bioavailability for compounds with higher polar surface area is described (3*HBD-cLogP).

Formula: C3H6O, Cyclopropanol is a cyclopropane in which a hydrogen atom is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a member of cyclopropanes and an aliphatic alcohol.
Cyclopropanol is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C3H6O and its molecular weight is 58.08 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Cyclopropanol is a cyclic organic compound that is synthesized from sodium hydroxide solution, nitrogen atoms, and carbonyl groups. Cyclopropanol has shown inhibitory effects on inflammatory bowel disease in rats. This drug also inhibits the production of hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid in the stomach, which can lead to ulcers. Cyclopropanol has been found to be effective against bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. This drug has been shown to have strong antioxidant properties, which may be due to its ability to reduce hydroxyl radicals., 16545-68-9.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Product Details of C3H6O2, In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. 7748-36-9, name is Oxetan-3-ol, An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest examples, includes all compounds which conform to the general formula CnH2n+1OH.

Lauber, Markus B.;Stahl, Shannon S. research published 《 Efficient Aerobic Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols at Ambient Temperature with an ABNO/NO_x Catalyst System》, the research content is summarized as follows. New highly practical methods are presented for aerobic oxidation of secondary alcs. with a nitroxyl radical in combination with HNO₃, NaNO₂, or both as cocatalysts. Diverse nitroxyls are compared, including several novel bicyclic derivatives Catalyst systems with the readily available nitroxyls, 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]-nonane-N-oxyl (ABNO) and 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]-nonan-3-one-N-oxyl (keto-ABNO), are optimized in acetic acid or acetonitrile as the solvent. The reactions are compatible with substrates bearing diverse functional groups and proceed efficiently under mild conditions at ambient pressure and temperature

7748-36-9, Oxetan-3-ol is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C3H6O2 and its molecular weight is 74.08 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Oxetan-3-ol is a synthetic hydroxy compound with the chemical formula C6H12O3. It is an organic solvent that can be used in reactions involving vinyl alcohol and oxetane, such as ring-opening polymerization and cationic polymerization. Oxetan-3-ol has also been shown to react with ethyl bromoacetate to form the corresponding oxetane, which can be used as a bioisostere for chloropropane, a potential replacement for chlorofluorocarbons., Product Details of C3H6O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In general, the hydroxyl group makes alcohols polar. 141699-55-0, formula is C8H15NO3, Because of hydrogen bonding, alcohols tend to have higher boiling points than comparable hydrocarbons and ethers. Application In Synthesis of 141699-55-0

Lauber, Markus B.;Stahl, Shannon S. research published 《 Efficient Aerobic Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols at Ambient Temperature with an ABNO/NO_x Catalyst System》, the research content is summarized as follows. New highly practical methods are presented for aerobic oxidation of secondary alcs. with a nitroxyl radical in combination with HNO₃, NaNO₂, or both as cocatalysts. Diverse nitroxyls are compared, including several novel bicyclic derivatives Catalyst systems with the readily available nitroxyls, 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]-nonane-N-oxyl (ABNO) and 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]-nonan-3-one-N-oxyl (keto-ABNO), are optimized in acetic acid or acetonitrile as the solvent. The reactions are compatible with substrates bearing diverse functional groups and proceed efficiently under mild conditions at ambient pressure and temperature

141699-55-0, Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H15NO3 and its molecular weight is 173.21 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Tert-butyl 3-hydroxyazetidine-1-carboxylate has been shown to be a good substrate for the preparation of N-protected amino alcohols and amines by the process of reductive amination. In this synthesis, tert-butyl azetidinium chloride is used as a catalyst in the reaction with sodium hydroxide. The tert-butyl group can be removed using ammonium hydroxide in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. This reaction can be performed on a large scale, making it useful in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. The efficiency and solubility of this process make it suitable for use as an introduction to other processes involving N-protected amino alcohols or amines., Application In Synthesis of 141699-55-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In general, the hydroxyl group makes alcohols polar. 24034-73-9, formula is C20H34O, Because of hydrogen bonding, alcohols tend to have higher boiling points than comparable hydrocarbons and ethers. Quality Control of 24034-73-9

Lau, Carol P. Y.;Fung, Cathy S. H.;Wong, Kwok Chuen;Wang, Yu-Hsuan;Huang, Lin;Tsui, Stephen K. W.;Lee, Oscar K.;Kumta, Shekhar M. research published 《 Simvastatin Possesses Antitumor and Differentiation-Promoting Properties That Affect Stromal Cells in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone》, the research content is summarized as follows. Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive destructive bone lesion. The management of pulmonary metastasis and local recurrence after the surgical treatment of GCTB remains a challenge. Pathol., stromal cells in GCTB are known as primary neoplastic cells and are recognized as incompletely differentiated preosteoblasts. Therefore, inducing GCTB stromal cells to differentiate into cells with a mature osteoblastic phenotype may stop tumor growth and recurrence. In this study, we aimed to investigate how simvastatin, a clin. approved and commonly used statin that has been known to promote the maturation of cells of the osteogenic lineage, affects GCTB stromal cells. We found that simvastatin effectively inhibited cell viability by suppressing proliferation and by inducing apoptosis in GCTB stromal cells. Moreover, simvastatin treatment upregulated the expression of genes related to osteogenic maturation, such as runt-related transcription factor 2, osteopontin, and osteocalcin, and increased the mineralization of the extracellular matrix in GCTB stromal cells. Ingenuity pathway anal. was used to discover that the vitamin D receptor pathway was involved in the simvastatin-induced osteogenic differentiation of GCTB stromal cells by upregulating the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D metabolism Taken together, this in vitro study demonstrates the antitumor and differentiation-promoting effects of simvastatin on GCTB stromal cells and suggests the possibility of using simvastatin as an adjuvant therapy for GCTB. These findings support further clin. investigation of the efficacy of using simvastatin as an adjuvant therapy for GCTB to reduce recurrence and distant metastasis after surgical treatment.

Quality Control of 24034-73-9, Geranylgeraniol is a diterpenoid that is hexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11 and 15 and a hydroxy group at position 1. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a volatile oil component and an antileishmanial agent. It is a diterpenoid and a polyprenol.

Geranylgeraniol, a precursor to geranylgeranylpyrophosphate, is an intermediate in the mevalonate pathway. Geranylgeraniol has been shown to prevent bone re-absorption, inhibition of osteoclast formation, and kinase activation in vitro. When working with statins, Geranylgeraniol can reduce the toxicity without inhibiting the cholesterol-producing effects. Geranylgeraniol has been documented to counteract the effects of fluvastatin by inhibiting activation of caspase-1 and production of IL-1. Additionally Geranylgeraniol has been found to induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
, 24034-73-9.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Some low molecular weight alcohols of industrial importance are produced by the addition of water to alkenes. 7748-36-9, formula is C3H6O2, Ethanol, isopropanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol are produced by this general method. Two implementations are employed, the direct and indirect methods. Computed Properties of 7748-36-9

Larsen, Jens;Lambert, Maja;Pettersson, Henrik;Vifian, Thomas;Larsen, Mogens;Ollerstam, Anna;Hegardt, Pontus;Eskilsson, Cecilia;Laursen, Steen;Soehoel, Anders;Skak-Nielsen, Tine;Hansen, Lene M.;Knudsen, Nina Oe.;Eirefelt, Stefan;Soerensen, Morten D.;Stilou, Tatiana G.;Nielsen, Simon F. research published 《 Discovery and Early Clinical Development of Isobutyl 1-[8-Methoxy-5-(1-oxo-3H-isobenzofuran-5-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate (LEO 39652), a Novel “Dual-Soft” PDE4 Inhibitor for Topical Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis》, the research content is summarized as follows. We describe the design of a novel PDE4 scaffold and the exploration of the dual-soft concept to reduce systemic side effects via rapid elimination: introducing ester functionalities that can be inactivated in blood as well as by the liver (dual-soft) while being stable in human skin. Compound 40 was selected as a clin. candidate as it was potent and rapidly degraded by blood and liver to inactive metabolites and because in preclin. studies it showed high exposure at the target organ: the skin. Preclin. and clin. data are presented confirming the value of the dual-soft concept in reducing systemic exposure.

Computed Properties of 7748-36-9, Oxetan-3-ol is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C3H6O2 and its molecular weight is 74.08 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Oxetan-3-ol is a synthetic hydroxy compound with the chemical formula C6H12O3. It is an organic solvent that can be used in reactions involving vinyl alcohol and oxetane, such as ring-opening polymerization and cationic polymerization. Oxetan-3-ol has also been shown to react with ethyl bromoacetate to form the corresponding oxetane, which can be used as a bioisostere for chloropropane, a potential replacement for chlorofluorocarbons., 7748-36-9.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In general, the hydroxyl group makes alcohols polar. Those groups can form hydrogen bonds to one another and to most other compounds. 647-42-7, formula is C8H5F13O, Owing to the presence of the polar OH alcohols are more water-soluble than simple hydrocarbons. Methanol, ethanol, and propanol are miscible in water. Butanol, with a four-carbon chain, is moderately soluble. SDS of cas: 647-42-7

Laribi, F.;Sanhoury, M. A. K.;Mechi, H.;Merlet, D.;Chehidi, I. research published 《 Synthesis and characterization of new highly fluorinated phosphoramidates》, the research content is summarized as follows. A 1-pot synthesis of new bis(polyfluoroalkyl)dialkylaminophosphoramidates (R_F(CH₂)₂O)₂P(O)NR₂ (1–6) (R_F = C₆F₁₃, NR₂ = NC₅H₁₀ (1), NC₄H₈ (2), NEt₂ (3); R_F = C₈F₁₇, NR₂ = NC₅H₁₀ (4), NC₄H₈ (5), NEt₂ (6)) and polyfluoroalkyl bis(dialkylamino)phosphoramidates R_F(CH₂)₂OP(O)(NR₂)₂ (9–14) (R_F = C₆F₁₃, NR₂ = NC₅H₁₀ (9), NC₄H₈ (10), NEt₂ (11); R_F = C₈F₁₇, NR₂ = NC₅H₁₀ (12), NC₄H₈ (13), NEt₂ (14)) was performed through phosphorylation of corresponding highly fluorinated alcs. with P(O)Cl₃ in dry Et₂O followed by aminolysis. However, the former phosphoramidates (1–6) and corresponding morpholinyl derivatives 7 and 8 were alternatively prepared in better yields from phosphoramidation reaction of bis(fluoroalkyl)phosphites with amines in the presence of I₂ and H₂O₂ in CH₂Cl₂. All these phosphoramidates were obtained in good yields and characterized by multinuclear (¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P and ¹⁹F) NMR, IR spectroscopy and HRMS.

SDS of cas: 647-42-7, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Tridecafluorooctan-1-ol, also known as 1H,1H, 2H, 2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol , is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H5F13O and its molecular weight is 364.1 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

1H,1H, 2H, 2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol is a material used to improve nanotube composites. It is also used in the synthesis of a recyclable fluorous hydrazine carbothioate compound with NCS to catalyze the acetalization of aldehydes.

1H,1H,2H,2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol is a potent and selective halogenated hydrocarbon. It binds to DNA at the dinucleotide phosphate site, which is an important site for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) activation. 1HFN has been shown to be more effective than other halogenated hydrocarbons in vitro assays on rat liver microsomes. It has been used as an additive in wastewater treatment to remove organic contaminants and metal ions. In vivo studies have been carried out in CD-1 mice to determine the effects of 1HFN on the liver and kidneys; these studies showed no toxicological effects on these organs. 1HFN also has been shown to inhibit enzymes such as cytochrome P450 and monoamine oxidase B that are involved in drug metabolism and may lead to adverse reactions with drugs metabolized by these enzymes., 647-42-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. 72824-04-5, name is 2-Allyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane, An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest examples, includes all compounds which conform to the general formula CnH2n+1OH.

Landwehr, Eleanor M.;Baker, Meghan A.;Oguma, Takuya;Burdge, Hannah E.;Kawajiri, Takahiro;Shenvi, Ryan A. research published 《 Concise syntheses of GB22, GB13, and himgaline by cross-coupling and complete reduction》, the research content is summarized as follows. Neuroactive metabolites from the bark of Galbulimima belgraveana occur in variable distributions among trees and are not easily accessible through chem. synthesis because of elaborate bond networks and dense stereochem. Previous syntheses of complex congeners such as himgaline have relied on iterative, stepwise installation of multiple methine stereocenters. The authors decreased the synthetic burden of himgaline chem. space to nearly one-third of the prior best (7 to 9 vs. 19 to 31 steps) by cross-coupling high fraction aromatic building blocks (high Fsp2) followed by complete, stereoselective reduction to high fraction sp³ products (high Fsp3). This short entry into Galbulimima alkaloid space should facilitate extensive chem. exploration and biol. interrogation.

Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C9H17BO2 and its molecular weight is 168.04 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is an allylation reagent that is used to produce aldehydes from ketones. It reacts with water, yielding the desired product and formaldehyde as a byproduct. The reaction proceeds through a sequence of steps, in which the boronate ester first reacts with water to form an allylboronate ion and hydrogen gas. This intermediate then reacts with potassium t-butoxide to produce the desired allyl alcohol and potassium borohydride. Finally, the palladium complex catalyst reduces the carbonyl group of the starting material, converting it into an aldehyde. Allylboronic acid pinacol ester is commercially available as a white solid, but can also be synthesized from 2-chloro-5-pinacolylborane (pinacol) in high yield using catalytic cross coupling reactions., 72824-04-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

With respect to acute toxicity, simple alcohols have low acute toxicities. Doses of several milliliters are tolerated. 647-42-7, formula is C8H5F13O, For pentanols, hexanols, octanols and longer alcohols, LD50 range from 2–5 g/kg (rats, oral). Ethanol is less acutely toxic.All alcohols are mild skin irritants. Recommanded Product: 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Tridecafluorooctan-1-ol

Lan, Zhonghui;Yao, Yiming;Xu, JiaYao;Chen, Hao;Ren, Chao;Fang, Xiangguang;Zhang, Kai;Jin, Litao;Hua, Xia;Alder, Alfredo C.;Wu, Fengchang;Sun, Hongwen research published 《 Novel and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a farmland environment: Soil distribution and biomonitoring with plant leaves and locusts》, the research content is summarized as follows. The occurrence of legacy and novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in multiple matrixes from a farmland environment was investigated in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei core area of northern China. PFASs were ubiquitously detected in farmland soils, and the detection frequency of 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid (6:2 Cl-PFESA) was higher than that of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (98% vs. 83%). Long-chain PFASs, including 6:2 Cl-PFESA, showed a centered distribution pattern around the metropolis of Tianjin, probably due to the local intensive industrial activity, while trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) showed a decreasing trend from the coast to the inland area. Other than soil, TFA was also found at higher levels than other longer-chain PFASs in dust, maize (Zea mays), poplar (Populus alba) leaf and locust (Locusta migratoria manilens) samples. Both poplar leaves and locusts can be used as promising biomonitoring targets for PFASs in farmland environments, and their accumulation potential corresponds with protein and lipid contents. Apart from being exposed to PFASs via food intake, locusts were likely exposed via uptake from soil and precipitated dust in farmland environments. The biomonitoring of locusts may be more relevant to insectivores, which is important to conducting a comprehensive ecol. risk assessment of farmland environments.

647-42-7, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Tridecafluorooctan-1-ol, also known as 1H,1H, 2H, 2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol , is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H5F13O and its molecular weight is 364.1 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

1H,1H, 2H, 2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol is a material used to improve nanotube composites. It is also used in the synthesis of a recyclable fluorous hydrazine carbothioate compound with NCS to catalyze the acetalization of aldehydes.

1H,1H,2H,2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol is a potent and selective halogenated hydrocarbon. It binds to DNA at the dinucleotide phosphate site, which is an important site for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) activation. 1HFN has been shown to be more effective than other halogenated hydrocarbons in vitro assays on rat liver microsomes. It has been used as an additive in wastewater treatment to remove organic contaminants and metal ions. In vivo studies have been carried out in CD-1 mice to determine the effects of 1HFN on the liver and kidneys; these studies showed no toxicological effects on these organs. 1HFN also has been shown to inhibit enzymes such as cytochrome P450 and monoamine oxidase B that are involved in drug metabolism and may lead to adverse reactions with drugs metabolized by these enzymes., Recommanded Product: 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Tridecafluorooctan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

With respect to acute toxicity, simple alcohols have low acute toxicities. Doses of several milliliters are tolerated. 647-42-7, formula is C8H5F13O, For pentanols, hexanols, octanols and longer alcohols, LD50 range from 2–5 g/kg (rats, oral). Ethanol is less acutely toxic.All alcohols are mild skin irritants. Related Products of 647-42-7

Lampic, Alina;Parnis, J. Mark research published 《 Property Estimation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: A Comparative Assessment of Estimation Methods》, the research content is summarized as follows. High quality physicochem. property data are required. to accurately predict the environmental fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Since such data are often not available from experiments, assessing the accuracy of existing property estimation models is essential. The quality of predicted physicochem. property data for 25 PFAS was examined using COSMOtherm and EPI Suite, estimation models accessible through the USEPA CompTox Chems. Dashboard, and Linear Solvation Energy Relationships (LSER) available through the UFZ-LSER Database. Results showed COSMOtherm provided the most accurate acid dissociation constant and air-water partition ratio estimates vs. literature data. The OPEn structure-activity/property relationship apparatus (OPERA; through the CompTox Chems. Dashboard) estimated vapor pressure and dry octanol-air partition ratios which most accurately compared with other models of interest. Wet octanol-water partition ratios were comparably predicted by OPERA and EPI Suite; organic C soil coefficient and solubility were well predicted by OPERA and COSMOtherm. Perfluoroalkyl acids acid dissociation significantly affected their physicochem. properties; ionization corrections were included where applicable.

Related Products of 647-42-7, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Tridecafluorooctan-1-ol, also known as 1H,1H, 2H, 2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol , is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H5F13O and its molecular weight is 364.1 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

1H,1H, 2H, 2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol is a material used to improve nanotube composites. It is also used in the synthesis of a recyclable fluorous hydrazine carbothioate compound with NCS to catalyze the acetalization of aldehydes.

1H,1H,2H,2H-Tridecafluoro-1-n-octanol is a potent and selective halogenated hydrocarbon. It binds to DNA at the dinucleotide phosphate site, which is an important site for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) activation. 1HFN has been shown to be more effective than other halogenated hydrocarbons in vitro assays on rat liver microsomes. It has been used as an additive in wastewater treatment to remove organic contaminants and metal ions. In vivo studies have been carried out in CD-1 mice to determine the effects of 1HFN on the liver and kidneys; these studies showed no toxicological effects on these organs. 1HFN also has been shown to inhibit enzymes such as cytochrome P450 and monoamine oxidase B that are involved in drug metabolism and may lead to adverse reactions with drugs metabolized by these enzymes., 647-42-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Quality Control of 527-07-1, In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. 527-07-1, name is Sodium Gluconate, An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest examples, includes all compounds which conform to the general formula CnH2n+1OH.

Lala, S. Roohan Farooq;Jyotheender, K. Sai;Gupta, Abhay;Arora, Sweety;Mk, Punith Kumar;Srivastava, Chandan research published 《 Evolution of texture and strain in Sn coating with Cr addition and its effect on the coating corrosion behavior》, the research content is summarized as follows. Sn-Cr coatings with different amounts of Cr (∼1.3-5.5 wt%) were electrodeposited over mild steel substrate. Addition of Cr altered the coating morphol. from less compact and columnar for pristine Sn coating to relatively more compact and globular for Sn-Cr coatings. Incorporation of Cr led to reduction in crystallite sizes, increase in coating strain, and enhancement in Sn crystal growth along {011} and {112} planes. Microstructural characterization revealed the presence of Cr at the grain boundaries and formation of Sn and Sn-Cr grains in the coating microstructure. Corrosion measurements conducted using the Tafel polarization and electrochem. impedance spectroscopy revealed that incorporation of minor amounts of Cr leads to significant enhancement in the corrosion resistance property of the coatings when compared to the pristine Sn coating. When compared to the pristine Sn coating, the Sn-1.3 wt% Cr coating exhibited a 40% reduction in the corrosion c.d. value. The corrosion resistance properties however deteriorated for Sn-Cr coatings with higher Cr content (3.3 and 5.4 wt%). Reduction in the corrosion rate for lower Cr additions was attributed to enhancement in the grain boundary fraction and segregation of Cr to the grain boundaries. Enhancement in the corrosion rate for higher Cr addition was attributed mainly to increase in the coating strain.

Quality Control of 527-07-1, Sodium Gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid with chelating property. Sodium gluconate chelates and forms stable complexes with various ions, preventing them from engaging in chemical reactions.
Sodium gluconate is an organic sodium salt having D-gluconate as the counterion. It has a role as a chelator. It contains a D-gluconate.
D-Gluconic acid sodium salt is a glycol ether that is used as an injection solution. It has been shown to have antibacterial efficacy against wild-type strains of bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The in vitro antimicrobial action of D-gluconic acid sodium salt was found to be due to its ability to inhibit bacterial growth by interfering with the synthesis of DNA. D-gluconic acid sodium salt also has been shown to have antihypertensive effects in rats through the inhibition of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) signaling pathway and erythrocyte proliferation. This drug also has been shown to bind benzalkonium chloride and x-ray diffraction data show that it is crystalline in nature. The analytical method for determining the concentration of D-gluconic acid sodium salt is by electrochemical impedance, 527-07-1.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts