Month: October 2022

Lulekal, Ermias; Tesfaye, Solomon; Gebrechristos, Selam; Dires, Kassahun; Zenebe, Tizazu; Zegeye, Nigus; Feleke, Gezu; Kassahun, Abayneh; Shiferaw, Yoseph; Mekonnen, Awol published the artcile< Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of skin irritation, acute and sub-acute toxicity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil in mice and rabbits>, Name: 3,7-Dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol, the main research area is Cymbopogon skin irritation acute toxicity essential oil phytochem; Acute toxicity; Biochemical analysis; Cymbopogon citratus; Histopathology; Skin irritation; Sub-acute toxicity.

Cymbopogon citratus essential oil has been shown to have antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities amongst others. This study was conducted to determine skin irritation, acute and subacute toxicity of C. citratus essential oil in mice and rabbits. The essential oil was analyzed using GC-MS. The essential oil at dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight was administered to mice for 21 consecutive days. The mice mortality, behavioral change, injury and other signs of illness were recorded once daily. Biochem. parameters were evaluated. Liver and kidney were taken after sacrifice for gross findings and histol. analyses. 10% ointment formulation of C. citratus oils was applied on the rabbit skin to determine skin irritation effects. The result revealed, the presence of citral (71.297%), myrcene (19.034%), 4, 5-epoxycarene (2.780%), linalool (1.713%), (S)-cis-verbenol (1.110%), linalool (1.713%), (S)-cis-verbenol (1.110%) and undecan-2-one (1.001%) in the C. citratus essential oil. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the body weights, gross abnormalities of the organs and biochem. parameters compared to the control. No histopathol. changes were detected in the organs tested. 10% ointment formulation of C. citratus oils did not cause skin irritation. Anal. of results leads to the conclusion that Ethiopian C. citratus essential oil may be considered as relatively safe and non-toxic.

Toxicology Reports published new progress about Acute toxicity. 78-70-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Name: 3,7-Dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rodighiero, S.; De Simoni, A.; Formenti, A. published the artcile< The voltage-dependent nonselective cation current in human red blood cells studied by means of whole-cell and nystatin-perforated patch-clamp techniques>, Synthetic Route of 35564-86-4, the main research area is cation current erythrocyte cell nystatin perforated patch clamp.

Human red blood cells (RBC) can be studied by means of whole-cell and nystatin-perforated patch-clamp techniques. In 85% of the whole-cell experiments (n=86) and 69% of the perforated-patch recordings (n=13), steps to pos. potentials, from a holding potential of 0 mV, induced a slow-activating non-inactivating persistent outward current which reverted at about 0 mV. The current activation phase fitted well with a two-component exponential curve. Half-maximal conductance was reached at about 42 mV. Na+ and K+ carried this current, which was not affected by 20 nM charybdotoxin or 20 mM TEA, but was reduced following a partial substitution of extracellular Cl- by tartrate. This current has characteristics similar to the single-channel currents already described in RBC and may be involved in the rapid adaptations of these cells in the circulation.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Biomembranes published new progress about Bioelectric conductivity. 35564-86-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H18ClNO5, Synthetic Route of 35564-86-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Guan, Zhipeng; Zhu, Shuxiang; Wang, Siyuan; Wang, Huamin; Wang, Siyuan; Zhong, Xingxing; Bu, Faxiang; Cong, Hengjiang; Lei, Aiwen published the artcile< Electrochemical Oxidative Carbon-Atom Difunctionalization: Towards Multisubstituted Imino Sulfide Ethers>, COA of Formula: C8H10OS, the main research area is electrochem oxidative difunctionalization isocyanide imino sulfide ether stereoselective synthesis; electrochemistry; ethers; isocyanides; radicals; synthetic methods.

Ethers (C-O/S) are ubiquitously found in a wide array of functional mols. and natural products. Nonetheless, the synthesis of imino sulfide ethers, containing an N(sp2)=C(sp2)-O/S fragment, still remains a challenge because of its sensitivity to acid. Developed here in is an unprecedented electrochem. oxidative carbon-atom difunctionalization of isocyanides, providing a series of novel multisubstituted imino sulfide ethers. Under metal-free and external oxidant-free conditions, isocyanides react smoothly with simple and readily available mercaptans and alcs. [e.g., 4-fluorobenzenethiol + Et isocyanoacetate + methanol → (Z)-I (80% isolated)]. Importantly, the procedure exhibited high stereoselectivities, excellent functional-group tolerance, and good efficiency on large-scale synthesis, as well as further derivatization of the products.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Aromatic thiols Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 699-12-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H10OS, COA of Formula: C8H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhai, Lu-Lu; Zhu, A-Kao; Tang, Zhi-Gang published the artcile< Effect of supplementation with calcitriol versus cholecalciferol on insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Several issues of concern>, Application of C27H44O, the main research area is calcitriol cholecalciferol supplementation insulin resistance nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Calcitriol; Cholecalciferol; Insulin resistance; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Vitamin D.

In this randomized controlled clin. trial, the authors compared the effects of calcitriol and cholecalciferol supplementation on insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The findings revealed that the use of calcitriol supplementation significantly decreased insulin resistance in patients with non-alc. fatty liver disease compared to cholecalciferol. The authors also discuss about several important issues that deserve to be focused on in this study and these issues should be considered in future studies.

Clinical Nutrition published new progress about Homo sapiens. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Application of C27H44O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Bao; Han, Xu; Li, Jian; Li, Chunpu; Liu, Hong published the artcile< Sulfoximines-assisted Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation and intramolecular annulation for the synthesis of fused isochromeno-1,2-benzothiazines scaffolds under room temperature>, COA of Formula: C8H10OS, the main research area is isochromenobenzothiazine preparation; phenylsulfoximide diazoisochroman imine annulation carbon hydrogen activation rhodium catalyst; C–H activation; benzothiazine; rhodium.; sulfoximide.

A mild and facile Cp*Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation and intramol. cascade annulation protocol has been proposed for the furnishing of highly fused isochromeno-1,2-benzothiazines I (R1 = H, 2-Me, 2-F, 4-Br, 3-OMe, (CH2)4, etc.; R2 = Me, Et, Ph, Bn, etc.; R3 = H, 10-Me,10-OMe, 11-Cl, 11-F, etc.) scaffolds using S-phenylsulfoximides R4C6H4S(O)(=NH)(R2) and 4-diazoisochroman-3-imine II (R5 = H, 7-Me, 6-OMe, 7-OMe, 6-Cl, etc.) as substrates under room temperature This method features diverse substituents and functional groups tolerance and relatively mild reaction conditions with moderate to excellent yields. Addnl., retentive configuration of sulfoximides in the conversion has been verified.

Molecules published new progress about C-H bond activation. 699-12-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H10OS, COA of Formula: C8H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

De Amicis, Francesca; Chimento, Adele; Montalto, Francesca Ida; Casaburi, Ivan; Sirianni, Rosa; Pezzi, Vincenzo published the artcile< Steroid receptor signallings as targets for resveratrol actions in breast and prostate cancer>, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is review resveratrol anticancer agent signal transduction breast prostate cancer; Resveratrol; androgen receptor; breast cancer; oestrogen receptor; prostate cancer.

A review. Extensive research over the past 25 years in hormone-dependent cancers, such as breast cancer and prostate cancer, has identified the mol. mechanisms driven by steroid receptors, elucidating the interplay between genomic and non-genomic steroid receptors mechanism of action. Altogether, these mechanisms create the specific gene expression programs that contribute to endocrine therapy resistance and cancer progression. These findings, on the bidirectional mol. crosstalk between steroid and growth factor receptors pathways in endocrine resistance, suggest the use of multi-target inhibitors together with endocrine therapies, for treating resistant disease. In this review we will discuss the novel understanding on the chemopreventive and anti-cancer activities of Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-stilbene) (RSV), a phytoalexin found in grapes acting on a plethora of targets. We will highlight Resveratrol effect on steroid receptors signalling and its potential use in the treatment of hormone-dependent cancer. Understanding the mol. mechanisms by which the bioactive compound influences cancer cell behavior, by interfering with steroid receptors functional activity, will help to advance the design of combination strategies to increase the rate of complete and durable clin. response in patients.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Androgen receptors Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 501-36-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H12O3, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Yanhong; Chang, Shenzhen; An, Haiyan; Li, Yanqin; Zhu, Qingshan; Luo, Huiyun; Huang, Yaohui published the artcile< Two Polymorphic Polyoxometalate-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Sulfoxides and Detoxification of Mustard Gas Simulants>, Electric Literature of 699-12-7, the main research area is zinc bipyridine polyoxometalate MOF preparation crystal structure oxidation catalyst; XPS zinc bipyridine polyoxometalate MOF.

The development of high-efficient catalysts for the oxidation reaction of sulfides received much attention in recent years due to the extensive applications of such reactions from the utility in pharmaceutical chem. and biol. to the detoxification of chem. warfare agents in war. Herein, the authors report two innovative polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks (POMOFs) {[ε-PMoV8MoVI4O37(OH)3][Zn2(C10N2H8)(H2O)2]2}2·8H2O (1-α and 1-β), which were characterized by elemental anal., UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, x-ray single-crystal and powder diffraction, XPS, and FTIR spectroscopy techniques. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction anal. indicates that 1-α and 1-β are polymorphic with the identical compositions and analogical structures. Compounds 1-α and 1-β are both connected by Zn4-ε-Keggin polyoxoanions and 4,4′-bipyridine (bpy) ligands to form twofold interpenetrated three-dimensional POMOF structures. 1-β can be seen as a rotational polymorph of 1-α, i.e., 1-α takes the b axis as the rotation axis and rotates ~39° clockwise to obtain 1-β. Both compounds 1-α and 1-β can be used as heterogeneous catalysts to catalyze the selective oxidation of multitudinous sulfides with H2O2 as an oxidant. When the oxidation of Me Ph sulfide was used as the template reaction, the yield of Me Ph sulfoxide is ∼100% within 30 min by 1-α and 1-β and the oxidant use efficiency is >93%. Gratifying catalytic effects also were achieved in the selective oxidation of Ph and aliphatic sulfide derivatives Simultaneously, both 1-α and 1-β showed an extraordinary degradation efficiency of 2-chloroethyl Et sulfide and have a half lifetime (t1/2) ∼2.5 or 3 min, resp., with 100% selectivity toward the nontoxic product 2-chloroethyl Et sulfoxide and an abnormally high oxidant use efficiency (94.5% for 1-α and 94.3% for 1-β) at room temperature In addition, after seven cycles and continuous cycle catalytic experiments, their structures remained and catalytic activities did not decrease obviously, revealing their outstanding recyclability and structural stability.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about Crystal structure. 699-12-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H10OS, Electric Literature of 699-12-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shu, Xu; Zhang, Yanfen; Jia, Jinxia; Ren, Xiaojie; Wang, Yufeng published the artcile< Extraction, purification and properties of water-soluble polysaccharides from mushroom Lepista nuda>, COA of Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is Lepista water soluble polysaccharide; Antioxidant; Extraction; Lepista nuda; Polysaccharide; Purification.

Lepista nuda has high nutritional and medicinal value, especially has high antioxidant, antitumor and antiviral activities. Based on results of single factor experiment, response surface methodol. was used to optimize the extraction conditions of polysaccharides (LNP). Macroporous resin D301 was used to decolorization, and its technol. conditions were determined by orthogonal experiment In addition, two novel polysaccharides (LNP-1, LNP-2) were purified by DEAE Cellulose-52 and Sephadex G-150 chromatog. The mol. weight of LNP-1 is 11,703 Da, mainly composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose and fucose, while the mol. weight of LNP-2 is 13,369 Da, mainly composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, arabinose and fucose. The polysaccharide contents of crude LNP, LNP-1 and LNP-2 were 70.60%, 87.71% and 81.20% resp., and the protein contents were 1.72%, 0.97% and 0.68% resp. Their sulfuric contents were 3.39%, 5.02% and 8.64%, and uronic acid contents were 3.66%, 5.56% and 6.80%, resp. Further studies showed that their ability to chelate iron ions, scavenge DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals and scavenge superoxide anion radicals were 70.09%, 55.94% and 36.64% resp. They showed strong ability to scavenge free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. LNP is expected to be developed as a new efficacy factor in the food industry.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Cyclocybe cylindracea. 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, COA of Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hu, Wenkang; Zhang, Yilin; Zhu, Haiyan; Ye, Dongdong; Wang, Dawei published the artcile< Unsymmetrical triazolylnaphthyridinylpyridine bridged highly active copper complexes supported on reduced graphene oxide and their application in water>, SDS of cas: 403-41-8, the main research area is copper triazolylnaphthyridinylpyridine complex preparation catalyst.

A novel unsym. triazolylnaphthyridinylpyridine ligand was designed and synthesized, and employed in the synthesis of a heterogeneous copper complex on reduced graphene oxide. The resulting copper composite was characterized by SEM, TEM, XPS and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). This supported copper catalyst containing unsym. triazolylnaphthyridinylpyridine (only 0.1 mol%) showed excellent catalytic activity in water with good recyclability. Various functionalized quinoline derivatives were successfully synthesized in high yields through the green strategy in water. Other heterocyclic compounds, such as pyridine, 2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoline, 1,8-naphthyridine, 5,6-dihydronaphtho[1,2-b][1,8]naphthyridine and 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,8-naphthyridine derivatives, were achieved in water with >80% yields. Mechanism studies revealed that this transformation occurs via dehydrogenation, condensation, and transfer hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes which was supported by a deuterium labeling experiment

Green Chemistry published new progress about Catalysts. 403-41-8 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H9FO, SDS of cas: 403-41-8.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Zhenhua; Gorski, Bartosz; Leonori, Daniele published the artcile< Merging Halogen-Atom Transfer (XAT) and Copper Catalysis for the Modular Suzuki-Miyaura-Type Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Iodides and Organoborons>, Electric Literature of 627-27-0, the main research area is alkyl iodide aryl organoboron copper catalyst Suzuki Miyaura coupling; aryl alkane preparation.

A mechanistically distinct approach to achieve Suzuki-Miyaura-type cross-couplings between alkyl iodides and aryl organoborons was reported. This process required a copper catalyst but, in contrast with previous approaches based on palladium and nickel systems, does not utilizes the metal for the activation of the alkyl electrophile. Instead, this strategy exploited the halogen-atom transfer ability of α-aminoalkyl radicals to convert secondary alkyl iodides into the corresponding alkyl radicals that then were coupled with aryl, vinyl, alkynyl, benzyl and allyl boronate species. These novel coupling reactions feature simple set up and conditions (1 h at room temperature) and facilitate access to privileged motifs targeted by the pharmaceutical sector.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Alcohols Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 627-27-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H8O, Electric Literature of 627-27-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts