Month: October 2022

Longwitz, Lars; Jopp, Stefan; Werner, Thomas published the artcile< Organocatalytic Chlorination of Alcohols by P(III)/P(V) Redox Cycling>, Name: Triphenylmethanol, the main research area is alkyl chloride preparation organocatalyst alc chlorination.

A catalytic system for the chlorination of alcs. under Appel conditions was developed. Benzotrichloride was used as a cheap and readily available chlorinating agent in combination with trioctylphosphine as the catalyst and phenylsilane as the terminal reductant. The reaction has several advantages over other variants of the Appel reaction, e.g., no addnl. solvent is required and the phosphine reagent was used only in catalytic amounts In total, 27 different primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl chlorides were synthesized in yields up to 95%. Under optimized conditions, it was also possible to convert epoxides and an oxetane to the dichlorinated products.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Alcohols Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 76-84-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H16O, Name: Triphenylmethanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mousavi, S. M.; Milajerdi, A.; Sheikhi, A.; Kord-Varkaneh, H.; Feinle-Bisset, C.; Larijani, B.; Esmaillzadeh, A. published the artcile< Resveratrol supplementation significantly influences obesity measures: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials>, Name: (E)-5-(4-Hydroxystyryl)benzene-1,3-diol, the main research area is meta analysis resveratrol supplementation body weight mass index obesity; dose-response; meta-analysis; obesity; resveratrol; weight.

Summary : This study aimed to summarize earlier randomized controlled trials on the effects of resveratrol supplementation on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and fat mass (FM). We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar from inception to Apr. 2018 using relevant keywords. All clin. trials investigating the effects of resveratrol supplementation on BW, BMI, WC and FM in adults were included. Overall, 28 trials were included. Pooled effect sizes suggested a significant effect of resveratrol administration on weight (weighted mean differences [WMD]: -0.51 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.94 to -0.09; I2 = 50.3%, P = 0.02), BMI (WMD: -0.17 kg m-2, 95% CI: -0.32, -0.03; I2 = 49.6%, P = 0.02) and WC (WMD: -0.79 cm, 95% CI: -1.39, -0.2; I2 = 13.4%, P = 0.009), resp. However, no significant effect of resveratrol supplementation on FM was found (WMD: -0.36%, 95% CI: -0.88, 0.15; I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.16). Findings from subgroup anal. revealed a significant reduction in BW and BMI in trials using resveratrol at the dosage of <500 mg d-1, those with long-term interventions (≥3 mo), and performed on people with obesity. Taken together, the data suggest that resveratrol supplementation has beneficial effects to reduce BW, BMI and WC, but not FM. Obesity Reviews published new progress about Adipose tissue. 501-36-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H12O3, Name: (E)-5-(4-Hydroxystyryl)benzene-1,3-diol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sabogal-Guaqueta, Angelica Maria; Hobbie, Fabian; Keerthi, Akshaya; Oun, Asmaa; Kortholt, Arjan; Boddeke, Erik; Dolga, Amalia published the artcile< Linalool attenuates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by glutamate and NMDA toxicity>, HPLC of Formula: 78-70-6, the main research area is linalool oxidative stress mitochondrial dysfunction glutamate NMDA toxicity; Linalool; Mitochondria; Neuroprotection; OHSC; Oxidative stress.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation contribute to the initiation and development of several brain pathol. conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease and cerebral ischemia. Linalool is an aromatic plant-derived monoterpene alc. with reported anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. We investigated the role of linalool on glutamate-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress in immortalized neuronal HT-22 cells. Glutamate induced oxidative stress in neuronal cells, as detected by real-time cell impedance measurements, MTT assay, and anal. of Annexin V/PI. Administration of linalool 100μM reduced cell death mediated by glutamate. Staining of glutamate-stimulated mitochondria by MitoTracker revealed improved morphol. in the presence of linalool. Furthermore, we demonstrated a potential neuroprotective effect of linalool in conditions of oxidative stress by a reduction of mitochondrial ROS and mitochondrial calcium levels, and by preserving mitochondrial membrane potential. Experiments using both high-resolution respirometry and Seahorse Extracellular flux analyzer showed that linalool was able to promote an increase in uncoupled respiration that could contribute to its neuroprotective capacity. Linalool protection was validated using organotypic hippocampal slices as ex vivo model with NMDA as a stimulus to induce excitotoxity cell damage. These results demonstrate that linalool is protective in an in vitro model of glutamate-induced oxidative stress and in an ex-vivo model for excitotoxity, proposing linalool as a potential therapeutic agent against neurodegenerative brain diseases where oxidative stress contributes to the pathol. of the disease.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy published new progress about Alzheimer disease. 78-70-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, HPLC of Formula: 78-70-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Zhujun; Chen, Zhe; Jiang, Yuan; Li, Ning; Yang, Shicheng; Wang, Guowei; Pan, Xiangcheng published the artcile< Metal-Free Hydrosilylation Polymerization by Merging Photoredox and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Catalysis>, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is metal hydrosilylation polymerization merging photoredox hydrogen atom transfer catalysis.

Organosilicon compounds and polymers have found wide applications as synthetic building blocks and functional materials. Hydrosilylation is a common strategy toward the synthesis of organosilicon compounds and polymers. Although transition-metal-catalyzed hydrosilylation has achieved great advances, the metal-free hydrosilylation polymerization of dienes and bis(silane)s, especially the one suitable for both electron-rich and electron-deficient dienes, is largely lacking. Herein, the authors report a visible-light-driven metal-free hydrosilylation polymerization of both electron-rich and electron-deficient dienes with bis(silane)s by using the organic photocatalyst and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst. The authors achieved the well-controlled step-growth hydrosilylation polymerizations of the electron-rich diene and bis(silane) monomer due to the selective activation of Si-H bonds by the organic photocatalyst (4CzIPN) and the thiol polarity reversal reagent (HAT 1). For the electron-deficient dienes, hydrosilylation polymerization and self-polymerization occurred simultaneously in the presence of 4CzIPN and aceclidine (HAT 2), providing the opportunity to produce linear, hyperbranched, and network polymers by rationally tuning the concentration of electron-deficient dienes and the ratio of bis(silane)s and dienes to alter the proportion of the two polymerizations A wide scope of bis(silane)s and dienes furnished polycarbosilanes with high mol. weight, excellent thermal stability, and tunable architectures.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Branched polymers Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 627-27-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H8O, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Jianmin; Huitema, Carly; Niu, Chunying; Yin, Jiang; James, Michael N. G.; Eltis, Lindsay D.; Vederas, John C. published the artcile< Aryl methylene ketones and fluorinated methylene ketones as reversible inhibitors for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 3C-like proteinase>, Related Products of 22620-34-4, the main research area is aryl methylene ketone derivative preparation SARS 3C proteinase inhibitor; fluorinated methylene ketone derivative preparation SARS 3C proteinase inhibitor; structure activity SARS 3C like proteinase inhibiting ketone derivative.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus depends on a chymotrypsin-like cysteine proteinase (3CLpro) to process the translated polyproteins to functional viral proteins. This enzyme is a target for the design of potential anti-SARS drugs. A series of ketones and corresponding mono- and di-fluoro ketones having two or three aromatic rings were synthesized as possible reversible inhibitors of SARS 3CLpro. The design was based on previously established potent inhibition of the enzyme by oxa analogs (esters), which also act as substrates. Structure-activity relationships and modeling studies indicate that three aromatic rings, including a 5-bromopyridin-3-yl moiety, are key features for good inhibition of SARS 3CLpro. 2-(5-Bromopyridin-3-yl)-1-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-yl)ethanone and its α-monofluorinated analog, gave the best reversible inhibition with IC50 values of 13 μM and 28 μM, resp. In contrast to inhibitors having two aromatic rings, α-fluorination of compounds with three rings unexpectedly decreased the inhibitory activity.

Bioorganic Chemistry published new progress about Antiviral agents. 22620-34-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H6ClNO, Related Products of 22620-34-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Adhitama, Nikko; Kato, Yasuhiko; Matsuura, Tomoaki; Watanabe, Hajime published the artcile< Roles of and cross-talk between ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid pathways in embryogenesis of branchiopod crustacean Daphnia magna>, Computed Properties of 434-16-2, the main research area is Daphnia embryogenesis ecdysteroid sesquiterpenoid signaling pathway.

In this study, we report on the functions of Spo and Jhamt and the cross-talk between them in embryos of branchiopod crustacean Daphnia magna. This phenotype could be partially rescued by supplementation with 20-hydroxyecdysone, indicating that Spo may play the same role in ecdysteroid biosynthesis in early embryos, as reported in insects. After hatching, Spo expression was repressed, while Jhamt expression was activated transiently, despite its silencing during other embryonic stages. Jhamt RNAi showed little effect on survival, but shortened the embryonic period. Exposure to sesquiterpenoid analog Fenoxycarb extended the embryonic period and rescued the Jhamt RNAi phenotype, demonstrating a previously unidentified role of sesquiterpenoid in repression of precocious embryogenesis. Interestingly, the knockdown of Jhamt resulted in derepression of ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes, including Spo, similar to regulation during insect hormonal biosynthesis. Sesquiterpenoid signaling via Methoprene-tolerant gene was found to be responsible for the repression of ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes. It upregulated an ortholog of CYP18a1 that degrades ecdysteroid in insects. These results illuminate the conserved and specific functions of the ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid pathways in Daphnia embryos. We also infer that the common ancestor of branchiopod crustaceans and insects exhibited antagonism between the two endocrine hormones before their divergence 400 million years ago.

PLoS One published new progress about Adult, nonmammalian. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Computed Properties of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kirhan, Idris; Kas, Fehmi; Taskiran, Huseyin; Buyukhatipoglu, Hakan; Gonel, Ataman; Koyuncu, Ismail published the artcile< Evaluation of Micro-RNA Levels, Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients Recieving Chemotherapy>, SDS of cas: 1492-18-8, the main research area is cancer microRNA apoptosis oxidative stress marker chemotherapy; DNA damage; Micro-RNA; apoptosis; cancer; chemotherapy; damage; injury; metastasis; miR-29a; miRNA; prognosis..

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to compare oxidative DNA damage markers, apoptosis markers and changes in miRNA levels in patients diagnosed with cancer and treated through chemotherapy. Our secondary objective was also to evaluate tumor responses that can be determined after post-chemotherapy clin. evaluations by phys. examinations, laboratory results and radiol. imagings, and to compare the clin. results to oxidative stress and apoptosis markers and micro RNA levels. Materials and Methods: To do that we designed a prospective observational cross-sectional study. A total of 34 cancer patients and 27 healthy controls were included in the study from the Harran University School of Medicine Department of Oncol. Newly diagnosed chemotherapy or radiotherapy naive patients without any chronic diseases were included into the study. Patients with a poor performance status (ECOG 2 and 3) and patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. The cancer patients received chemotherapy according to their scheduled periods. Blood samples were taken from the patients before the first chemotherapy course and before the second chemotherapy round. Patients were called for toxicity control on the 10th day after the chemotherapy. However, there were subtle differences between pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy levels. Mir-29a expressions were lower in cancer patients as compared to controls.

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening published new progress about Apoptosis. 1492-18-8 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C20H21CaN7O7, SDS of cas: 1492-18-8.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gardelli, Cecilia; Russo, Laura; Cipolla, Laura; Moro, Massimo; Andriani, Francesca; Rondinone, Ornella; Nicotra, Francesco; Sozzi, Gabriella; Bertolini, Giulia; Roz, Luca published the artcile< Differential glycosylation of collagen modulates lung cancer stem cell subsets through β1 integrin-mediated interactions>, COA of Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is beta1 integrin collagen glycosylation lung cancer; cancer stem cells; collagen; glycans; lung cancer; tumor-extracellular matrix interactions.

In lung cancer, CD133+ cells represent the subset of cancer stem cells (CSC) able to sustain tumor growth and metastatic dissemination. CSC function is tightly regulated by specialized niches composed of both stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, mainly represented by collagen. The relevance of collagen glycosylation, a fundamental post-translational modification controlling several biol. processes, in regulating tumor cell phenotype remains, however, largely unexplored. To investigate the bioactive effects of differential ECM glycosylation on lung cancer cells, we prepared collagen films functionalized with glucose (Glc-collagen) and galactose (Gal-collagen) exploiting a neoglycosylation approach based on a reductive amination of maltose and lactose with the amino residues of collagen lysines. We demonstrate that culturing of tumor cells on collagen determines a glycosylation-dependent pos. selection of CSC and triggers their expansion/generation. The functional relevance of CD133+ CSC increase was validated in vivo, proving an augmented tumorigenic and metastatic potential. High expression of integrin β1 in its active form is associated with an increased proficiency of tumor cells to sense signaling from glycosylated matrixes (glyco-collagen) and to acquire stemness features. Accordingly, inhibition of integrin β1 in tumor cells prevents CSC enrichment, suggesting that binding of integrin β1 to Glc-collagen subtends CSC expansion/generation. We provide evidence suggesting that collagen glycosylation could play an essential role in modulating the creation of a niche favorable for the generation and selection/survival of lung CSC. Interfering with this crosstalk may represent an innovative therapeutic strategy for lung cancer treatment.

Cancer Science published new progress about Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecules Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 492-62-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, COA of Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Guilin; Zhao, Hang; Guo, Dezheng; Liu, Zhenguo; Wang, Hongfang; Sun, Qinghua; Liu, Qingxin; Xu, Baohua; Guo, Xingqi published the artcile< Distinct molecular impact patterns of abamectin on Apis mellifera ligustica and Apis cerana cerana>, Name: D-Glucosaccharic acid, the main research area is abamectin mortality metabolism Apis; Abamectin; Bees; Comparison analysis; Molecular effects; Mortality rate; Multiomics.

The effects of insecticides on bee health are a topic of intensive research. Although abamectin is toxic to bees, the mol. impact of abamectin needs to be clarified. Here, we found that Apis cerana cerana exhibited a higher mortality rate when exposed to abamectin than Apis mellifera ligustica. In addition, A. cerana cerana had markedly higher numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) than A. mellifera ligustica during exposure to abamectin. These results indicate that abamectin exposure exerts stronger effects on A. cerana cerana than on A. mellifera ligustica. In addition, six DEGs, two DEPs and two DEMs overlapped between the two bee species under abamectin exposure; however, some genes or proteins from the zinc finger protein, superoxide dismutase and peroxiredoxin families and the energy metabolism pathway were only unregulated in A. cerana cerana, which indicates a significant difference in the impact of abamectin on the two bee species. Despite these differences, several of the same gene families, such as heat shock proteins, cytochrome P 450, odorant-binding proteins and cuticle proteins, and pathways, including the carbohydrate metabolism, immune system, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, sensory system, locomotion and development pathways, were influenced by abamectin exposure in both A. cerana cerana and A. mellifera ligustica. Together, our results indicate that abamectin causes adverse effects on bees and thus poses a risk to bee populations and that abamectin exposure affects A. cerana cerana more strongly than A. mellifera ligustica. These findings improve our understanding of the behavioral and physiol. effects of abamectin on bees.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety published new progress about Amino acid metabolism disorders. 87-73-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O8, Name: D-Glucosaccharic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Niu, Yanfen; Li, Hongjian; Gao, Lihui; Lin, Hua; Kung, Hsiangfu; Lin, Marie Chia-mi; Leung, Kwong-Sak; Wong, Man-Hon; Xiong, Wenyong; Li, Ling published the artcile< old drug, new indication: olsalazine sodium reduced serum uric acid levels in mice via inhibiting xanthine oxidoreductase activity>, Recommanded Product: Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate), the main research area is olsalazine sodium xanthine oxidase dehydrogenase inhibitor hyperuricemia; Hyperuricemia; Olsalazine sodium; Uric acid; Xanthine oxidase.

Hyperuricemia, a long-term purine metabolic disorder, is a well-known risk factor for gout, hypertension and diabetes. In maintaining normal whole-body purine levels, xanthine oxidase (XOD) is a key enzyme in the purine metabolic pathway, as it catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and finally to uric acid. Here we used the protein-ligand docking software idock to virtually screen potential XOD inhibitors from 3167 approved small compounds/drugs. The inhibitory activities of the ten compounds with the highest scores were tested on XOD in vitro. Interestingly, all the ten compounds inhibited the activity of XOD at certain degrees. Particularly, the anti-ulcerative-colitis drug olsalazine sodium demonstrated a great inhibitory activity for XOD (IC50 = 3.4 mg/L). Enzymic kinetic studies revealed that the drug was a hybrid-type inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Furthermore, the drug strikingly decreased serum urate levels, serum/hepatic activities of XOD at a dose-dependent manner in vivo. Thus, we demonstrated a successful hunting process of compounds/drugs for hyperuricemia through virtual screening, supporting a potential usage of olsalazine sodium in the treatment of hyperuricemia.

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Gout. 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Recommanded Product: Sodium 5,5′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts